Page 1 Title Page GE Industrial Systems L90 Line Current Differential System UR Series Instruction Manual L90 revision: 5.7x Manual P/N: 1601-0081-U1 (GEK-113527) Copyright © 2009 GE Multilin 831776A2.CDR E83849 I I SO9001:2000 GE Multilin LISTED 215 Anderson Avenue, Markham, Ontario IND.CONT. EQ.
Page 3 GE Industrial Systems ADDENDUM This addendum contains information that relates to the L90 Line Current Differential System, version 5.7x. This adden- dum lists a number of information items that appear in the instruction manual GEK-113527 (revision U1) but are not included in the current L90 operations.
Page 5: Table Of Contents
1.3 ENERVISTA UR SETUP SOFTWARE 1.3.1 PC REQUIREMENTS ..................1-5 1.3.2 INSTALLATION....................1-5 1.3.3 CONFIGURING THE L90 FOR SOFTWARE ACCESS........1-6 1.3.4 USING THE QUICK CONNECT FEATURE............1-9 1.3.5 CONNECTING TO THE L90 RELAY ............... 1-15 1.4 UR HARDWARE 1.4.1 MOUNTING AND WIRING................
Page 6 MANAGED ETHERNET SWITCH MODULE HARDWARE......3-40 3.4.3 MANAGED SWITCH LED INDICATORS ............3-41 3.4.4 CONFIGURING THE MANAGED ETHERNET SWITCH MODULE ....3-41 3.4.5 UPLOADING L90 SWITCH MODULE FIRMWARE..........3-43 3.4.6 ETHERNET SWITCH SELF-TEST ERRORS...........3-46 4. HUMAN INTERFACES 4.1 ENERVISTA UR SETUP SOFTWARE INTERFACE 4.1.1 INTRODUCTION ....................4-1...
Page 7 SELECTOR SWITCH..................5-210 5.7.5 TRIP OUTPUT ....................5-216 5.7.6 SYNCHROCHECK..................5-222 5.7.7 DIGITAL ELEMENTS..................5-226 5.7.8 DIGITAL COUNTERS ..................5-229 5.7.9 MONITORING ELEMENTS ................5-231 5.7.10 PILOT SCHEMES ..................5-245 5.7.11 AUTORECLOSE .................... 5-248 GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System...
Page 8 TRANSDUCER INPUTS AND OUTPUTS ............6-21 6.4 RECORDS 6.4.1 FAULT REPORTS ....................6-22 6.4.2 EVENT RECORDS ...................6-22 6.4.3 OSCILLOGRAPHY ...................6-23 6.4.4 DATA LOGGER ....................6-23 6.4.5 PHASOR MEASUREMENT UNIT RECORDS ..........6-23 6.4.6 BREAKER MAINTENANCE ................6-24 viii L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 9 9.1.17 CT SATURATION DETECTION ..............9-13 9.1.18 CHARGING CURRENT COMPENSATION ............. 9-13 9.1.19 DIFFERENTIAL ELEMENT CHARACTERISTICS........... 9-14 9.1.20 RELAY SYNCHRONIZATION................9-15 9.2 OPERATING CONDITION CHARACTERISTICS 9.2.1 DESCRIPTION....................9-16 9.2.2 TRIP DECISION EXAMPLE................9-18 GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System...
Page 10 10.7.2 TRANSFORMER LOAD CURRENTS ............10-19 10.7.3 LV-SIDE FAULTS ...................10-20 10.7.4 EXTERNAL GROUND FAULTS ..............10-20 10.8 INSTANTANEOUS ELEMENTS 10.8.1 INSTANTANEOUS ELEMENT ERROR DURING L90 SYNCHRONIZATION ...10- 11. COMMISSIONING 11.1 TESTING 11.1.1 CHANNEL TESTING ..................11-1 11.1.2 CLOCK SYNCHRONIZATION TESTS .............11-2 11.1.3 CURRENT DIFFERENTIAL................11-3 11.1.4...
Page 11 ABOUT SCD FILES ..................C-17 C.5.6 IMPORTING AN SCD FILE WITH ENERVISTA UR SETUP ......C-20 C.6 ACSI CONFORMANCE C.6.1 ACSI BASIC CONFORMANCE STATEMENT..........C-22 C.6.2 ACSI MODELS CONFORMANCE STATEMENT ..........C-22 C.6.3 ACSI SERVICES CONFORMANCE STATEMENT .........C-23 GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System...
Page 12 E.2.4 ANALOG INPUTS.................... E-11 F. MISCELLANEOUS F.1 CHANGE NOTES F.1.1 REVISION HISTORY..................F-1 F.1.2 CHANGES TO THE L90 MANUAL ..............F-2 F.2 ABBREVIATIONS F.2.1 STANDARD ABBREVIATIONS ................. F-6 F.3 WARRANTY F.3.1 GE MULTILIN WARRANTY................F-8 L90 Line Current Differential System...
Page 13: Cautions And Warnings
• registration card (attached as the last page of the manual) • Fill out the registration form and return to GE Multilin (include the serial number located on the rear nameplate). • For product information, instruction manual updates, and the latest software updates, please visit the GE Multilin web- site at http://www.GEmultilin.com.
Page 14: Introduction To The Ur
This new generation of equipment must also be easily incorporated into automation systems, at both the station and enterprise levels. The GE Multilin Universal Relay (UR) has been developed to meet these goals. L90 Line Current Differential System...
Page 15: Hardware Architecture
(dual) ring configuration. This feature is optimized for speed and intended for pilot- aided schemes, distributed logic applications, or the extension of the input/output capabilities of a single relay chassis. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System...
Page 16: Software Architecture
Employing OOD/OOP in the software architecture of the L90 achieves the same features as the hardware architecture: modularity, scalability, and flexibility. The application software for any UR-series device (for example, feeder protection, transformer protection, distance protection) is constructed by combining objects from the various functionality classes.
Page 17: Pc Requirements
Video capable of displaying 800 x 600 or higher in high-color mode (16-bit color) • RS232 and/or Ethernet port for communications to the relay The following qualified modems have been tested to be compliant with the L90 and the EnerVista UR Setup software. • US Robotics external 56K FaxModem 5686 •...
Page 18: Configuring The L90 For Software Access
OVERVIEW The user can connect remotely to the L90 through the rear RS485 port or the rear Ethernet port with a PC running the EnerVista UR Setup software. The L90 can also be accessed locally with a laptop computer through the front panel RS232 port or the rear Ethernet port using the Quick Connect feature.
Page 19 • To configure the L90 for local access with a laptop through either the front RS232 port or rear Ethernet port, refer to the Using the Quick Connect Feature section. An Ethernet module must be specified at the time of ordering for Ethernet communications.
Page 20 SERIAL PORTS 10. Click the Read Order Code button to connect to the L90 device and upload the order code. If an communications error occurs, ensure that the EnerVista UR Setup serial communications values entered in the previous step correspond to the relay setting values.
Page 21: Using The Quick Connect Feature
L90. This ensures that configuration of the EnerVista UR Setup software matches the L90 model number. b) USING QUICK CONNECT VIA THE REAR ETHERNET PORTS To use the Quick Connect feature to access the L90 from a laptop through Ethernet, first assign an IP address to the relay from the front panel keyboard.
Page 22 Now, assign the laptop computer an IP address compatible with the relay’s IP address. From the Windows desktop, right-click the My Network Places icon and select Properties to open the network con- nections window. Right-click the Local Area Connection icon and select Properties. 1-10 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 23 Select the Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) item from the list provided and click the Properties button. Click on the “Use the following IP address” box. Enter an IP address with the first three numbers the same as the IP address of the L90 relay and the last number dif- ferent (in this example, 1.1.1.2).
Page 24 Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0 ms Pinging 1.1.1.1 with 32 bytes of data: Verify the physical connection between the L90 and the laptop computer, and double-check the programmed IP address in setting, then repeat step 2 in the above procedure.
Page 25 If this computer is used to connect to the Internet, re-enable any proxy server settings after the laptop has been discon- nected from the L90 relay. Verify that the latest version of the EnerVista UR Setup software is installed (available from the GE enerVista CD or online from http://www.GEmultilin.com). See the Software Installation section for installation details.
Page 26 Set the computer to “Obtain a relay address automatically” as shown below. If this computer is used to connect to the Internet, re-enable any proxy server settings after the laptop has been discon- nected from the L90 relay. AUTOMATIC DISCOVERY OF ETHERNET DEVICES The EnerVista UR Setup software can automatically discover and communicate to all UR-series IEDs located on an Ether- net network.
Page 27: Connecting To The L90 Relay
The EnerVista UR Setup software has several new quick action buttons that provide users with instant access to several functions that are often performed when using L90 relays. From the online window, users can select which relay to interro- gate from a pull-down window, then click on the button for the action they wish to perform. The following quick action func- tions are available: •...
Page 28: Mounting And Wiring
Figure 1–7: RELAY COMMUNICATIONS OPTIONS To communicate through the L90 rear RS485 port from a PC RS232 port, the GE Multilin RS232/RS485 converter box is required. This device (catalog number F485) connects to the computer using a “straight-through” serial cable. A shielded twisted-pair (20, 22, or 24 AWG) connects the F485 converter to the L90 rear communications port.
Page 29: Faceplate Keypad
LED off. The relay in the “Not Programmed” state will block signaling of any output relay. These conditions will remain until the relay is explicitly put in the “Programmed” state. Select the menu message SETTINGS PRODUCT SETUP INSTALLATION RELAY SETTINGS RELAY SETTINGS: Not Programmed GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 1-17...
Page 30: Relay Passwords
Refer to the Changing Settings section in Chapter 4 for complete instructions on setting up security level passwords. NOTE 1.5.6 FLEXLOGIC™ CUSTOMIZATION FlexLogic™ equation editing is required for setting up user-defined logic for customizing the relay operations. See the Flex- Logic™ section in Chapter 5 for additional details. 1-18 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 31: Commissioning
Commissioning tests are included in the Commissioning chapter of this manual. The L90 requires a minimum amount of maintenance when it is commissioned into service. Since the L90 is a microproces- sor-based relay, its characteristics do not change over time. As such, no further functional tests are required.
Page 32 1.5 USING THE RELAY 1 GETTING STARTED 1-20 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 33: Overview
The L90 is intended to provide complete protection for transmission lines of any voltage level. Both three phase and single phase tripping schemes are available. Models of the L90 are available for application on both two and three terminal lines.
Page 34 Digital Counters (8) User Definable Displays Power Factor, 87L current, local and remote phasors Digital Elements (48) User Programmable LEDs Direct Inputs (8 per L90 comms channel) Modbus Communications User Programmable Pushbuttons Disconnect Switches Modbus User Map User Programmable Self-Tests DNP 3.0 or IEC 60870-5-104 protocol...
Page 35: Features
Zero-sequence removal for application on lines with tapped transformers connected in a grounded wye on the line side. • GE phaselets approach based on the Discrete Fourier Transform with 64 samples per cycle and transmitting two time- stamped phaselets per cycle. •...
Page 36: Ordering
2.1.3 ORDERING a) OVERVIEW The L90 is available as a 19-inch rack horizontal mount or reduced-size (¾) vertical unit and consists of the following mod- ules: power supply, CPU, CT/VT, digital input and output, transducer input and output, and inter-relay communications.
Page 37 2.1 INTRODUCTION b) ORDER CODES WITH TRADITIONAL CTS AND VTS The order codes for the horizontal mount units with traditional CTs and VTs are shown below. Table 2–3: L90 ORDER CODES (HORIZONTAL UNITS) * - F - W/X Full Size Horizontal Mount...
Page 38 2.1 INTRODUCTION 2 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION The order codes for the reduced size vertical mount units with traditional CTs and VTs are shown below. Table 2–4: L90 ORDER CODES (REDUCED SIZE VERTICAL UNITS) * - F Reduced Size Vertical Mount BASE UNIT...
Page 39 2.1 INTRODUCTION c) ORDER CODES WITH PROCESS BUS MODULES The order codes for the horizontal mount units with the process bus module are shown below. Table 2–5: L90 ORDER CODES (HORIZONTAL UNITS WITH PROCESS BUS) * - F - W/X...
Page 40: Replacement Modules
Replacement modules can be ordered separately as shown below. When ordering a replacement CPU module or face- plate, please provide the serial number of your existing unit. Not all replacement modules may be applicable to the L90 relay. Only the modules specified in the order codes are available as replacement modules.
Page 41 4 dcmA inputs, 4 dcmA outputs (only one 5A module is allowed) 8 RTD inputs INPUTS/OUTPUTS 4 RTD inputs, 4 dcmA outputs (only one 5D module is allowed) 4 dcmA inputs, 4 RTD inputs 8 dcmA inputs GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System...
Page 42 4 dcmA inputs, 4 dcmA outputs (only one 5A module is allowed) 8 RTD inputs INPUTS/OUTPUTS 4 RTD inputs, 4 dcmA outputs (only one 5D module is allowed) 4 dcmA inputs, 4 RTD inputs 8 dcmA inputs 2-10 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 43: Inter-Relay Communications
(DTT) signal to all of the other L90 relays on the protected line. If a slave L90 relay issues a trip from one of its backup functions, it can send a transfer trip signal to its master and other slave relays if such option is designated.
Page 44: Channel Monitor
2.2.2 CHANNEL MONITOR The L90 has logic to detect that the communications channel is deteriorating or has failed completely. This can provide an alarm indication and disable the current differential protection. Note that a failure of the communications from the master to a slave does not prevent the master from performing the current differential algorithm;...
Page 45: Loopback Test
The L90 includes provision for sending and receiving a single-pole direct transfer trip (DTT) signal from current differential protection between the L90 relays at the line terminals using the pilot communications channel. The user may also initiate an additional eight pilot signals with an L90 communications channel to create trip, block, or signaling logic. A FlexLogic™...
Page 46: Protection And Control Functions
Current differential protection: The current differential algorithms used in the L90 Line Current Differential System are based on the Fourier transform phaselet approach and an adaptive statistical restraint. The L90 uses per-phase differential at 64 kbps with two phaselets per cycle. A detailed description of the current differential algorithms is found in chapter 8.
Page 47: Other Functions
PFLL Status Frequency Deviation Phase and Frequency Master Locked Loop (PFLL) Clock Phase Deviation PHASELETS TO REMOTE Communications Remote Relay PHASELETS FROM REMOTE Interface Direct Transfer Trip 831732A3.CDR Figure 2–3: L90 BLOCK DIAGRAM GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 2-15...
Page 48 Offset and Sequence Charging Current Currents Phaselets Compute Phasors Phaselets Phaselets Align Phaselets Phaselets Compute Phasors and Variance Parameters Fault Detector Trip Output Disturbance Logic Detector 831749A1.CDR Figure 2–4: MAIN SOFTWARE MODULES 2-16 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 49: Protection Elements
1 to 1.5 cycles (typical) Reset time: 1 power cycle (typical) LINE PICKUP Phase instantaneous overcurrent: 0.000 to 30.000 pu Undervoltage pickup: 0.000 to 3.000 pu Overvoltage delay: 0.000 to 65.535 s GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 2-17...
Page 50 Operate at > 1.03 × actual pickup Timing accuracy: Operate at 1.5 × pickup Timing accuracy: ±3.5% of operate time or ±½ cycle ±3% or ±4 ms (whichever is greater) (whichever is greater) 2-18 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 51 Operation time: Reset delay: 0.00 to 600.00 s in steps of 0.01 Timing accuracy: ±3% or ±20 ms (whichever is greater) < 30 ms at 1.10 × pickup at 60 Hz Operate time: GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 2-19...
Page 52 Single- and three-pole tripping schemes Operate time: <2 ms at 60 Hz Up to 4 reclose attempts before lockout Time accuracy: ±3% or 10 ms, whichever is greater Selectable reclosing mode and breaker sequence 2-20 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 53: User-Programmable Elements
Number: 16 (individually programmed) chronize to a 3-bit control input or synch/ Output: stored in non-volatile memory restore mode Execution sequence: as input prior to protection, control, and FlexLogic™ GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 2-21...
Page 54: Monitoring
–0.8 < PF ≤ –1.0 and 0.8 < PF ≤ 1.0 ±0 to 1 × 10 Range: Mvarh REACTIVE POWER (VARS) Parameters: three-phase only ±1.0% of reading at –0.2 ≤ PF ≤ 0.2 Accuracy: Update rate: 50 ms 2-22 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 55: Inputs
Number of input points: 32, configured from 64 incoming bit pairs Continuous current draw:3 mA (when energized) Number of remote devices: 16 Default states on loss of comms.: On, Off, Latest/Off, Latest/On Number of remote DPS inputs: 5 GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 2-23...
Page 56: Power Supply
95% voltage drop across the load impedance. Trickle current: approx. 1 to 2.5 mA Operate time: < 0.6 ms FORM-A CURRENT MONITOR Internal Limiting Resistor: 100 Ω, 2 W Threshold current: approx. 80 to 100 mA 2-24 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 57 ±300 Vpk Internal fuse: 5 A / 350 V AC, Ceramic, Axial SLO BLO; REMOTE OUTPUTS (IEC 61850 GSSE/GOOSE) Manufacturer: Conquer; Part number: Standard output points: 32 SCD-A 005 User output points: GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 2-25...
Page 58: Communications
SHIELDED TWISTED-PAIR INTERFACE OPTIONS source provided by the user. INTERFACE TYPE TYPICAL DISTANCE RS422 1200 m G.703 100 m RS422 distance is based on transmitter power and does not take into consideration the clock NOTE 2-26 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 59: Environmental
IEC 60068-2-2, 16 h at +85°C Altitude: Up to 2000 m Storage temperature: –40 to +85°C Installation category: UL/CSA/CE safety rating:–40 to +60°C Pollution degree: The LCD contrast may be impaired at temperatures less than –20°C. NOTE GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 2-27...
Page 60: Type Tests
Units that are stored in a de-energized state should be powered up once per year, for one hour continuously, to NOTE avoid deterioration of electrolytic capacitors. 2-28 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 61: Hardware
HORIZONTAL UNITS The L90 Line Current Differential System is available as a 19-inch rack horizontal mount unit with a removable faceplate. The faceplate can be specified as either standard or enhanced at the time of ordering. The enhanced faceplate contains additional user-programmable pushbuttons and LED indicators.
Page 62 VERTICAL UNITS The L90 Line Current Differential System is available as a reduced size (¾) vertical mount unit, with a removable faceplate. The faceplate can be specified as either standard or enhanced at the time of ordering. The enhanced faceplate contains additional user-programmable pushbuttons and LED indicators.
Page 63 RS232 communications port. The relay is secured to the panel with the use of four screws supplied with the relay. 11.015” 7.482” 1.329” 13.560” 15.000” 14.025” 4.000” 9.780” 843809A1.CDR Figure 3–4: L90 VERTICAL DIMENSIONS (ENHANCED PANEL) GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System...
Page 64 UR S RI S UR S RI S Figure 3–5: L90 VERTICAL MOUNTING AND DIMENSIONS (STANDARD PANEL) For details on side mounting L90 devices with the enhanced front panel, refer to the following documents available online from the GE Multilin website. •...
Page 65 3 HARDWARE 3.1 DESCRIPTION Figure 3–6: L90 VERTICAL SIDE MOUNTING INSTALLATION (STANDARD PANEL) GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System...
Page 66: Module Withdrawal And Insertion
The enhanced faceplate can be opened to the left, once the thumb screw has been removed, as shown below. This allows for easy accessibility of the modules for withdrawal. The new wide-angle hinge assembly in the enhanced front panel opens completely and allows easy access to all modules in the L90. L90 Line Current Differential System...
Page 67 All CPU modules except the 9E are equipped with 10/100Base-T or 100Base-F Ethernet connectors. These con- nectors must be individually disconnected from the module before it can be removed from the chassis. NOTE GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System...
Page 68: Rear Terminal Layout
3.1 DESCRIPTION 3 HARDWARE The 4.0x release of the L90 relay includes new hardware modules.The new CPU modules are specified with codes 9E and higher. The new CT/VT modules are specified with the codes 8F and higher. NOTE The new CT/VT modules can only be used with new CPUs; similarly, old CT/VT modules can only be used with old CPUs.
Page 69 3 HARDWARE 3.1 DESCRIPTION Figure 3–11: EXAMPLE OF MODULES IN F AND H SLOTS GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System...
Page 70: Wiring
MODULE ARRANGEMENT MODULES MUST BE GROUNDED IF TERMINAL IS Inputs/ Inputs/ Inputs/ Inputs/ PROVIDED outputs outputs outputs outputs Inputs/ CT/VT Power outputs supply (Rear view) * Optional Figure 3–12: TYPICAL WIRING DIAGRAM 3-10 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 71: Dielectric Strength
(see the Self-test errors section in chapter 7) or control power is lost, the relay will de-energize. For high reliability systems, the L90 has a redundant option in which two L90 power supplies are placed in parallel on the bus.
Page 72: Ct/Vt Modules
CT connections for both ABC and ACB phase rotations are identical as shown in the Typical wiring diagram. The exact placement of a zero-sequence core balance CT to detect ground fault current is shown below. Twisted-pair cabling on the zero-sequence CT is recommended. 3-12 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 73 NOTE Current inputs Voltage inputs 8F, 8G, 8L, and 8M modules (4 CTs and 4 VTs) Current inputs 8H, 8J, 8N, and 8R modules (8 CTs) 842766A3.CDR Figure 3–15: CT/VT MODULE WIRING GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 3-13...
Page 74: Process Bus Modules
3.2.5 PROCESS BUS MODULES The L90 can be ordered with a process bus interface module. This module is designed to interface with the GE Multilin HardFiber system, allowing bi-directional IEC 61850 fiber optic communications with up to eight HardFiber merging units, known as Bricks.
Page 75 Logic™ operand driving the contact output should be given a reset delay of 10 ms to prevent damage of NOTE the output contact (in situations when the element initiating the contact output is bouncing, at values in the region of the pickup value). GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 3-15...
Page 76 ~7a, ~7c 2 Inputs ~7a, ~7c 2 Inputs ~7a, ~7c 2 Inputs ~7a, ~7c 2 Inputs ~8a, ~8c 2 Inputs ~8a, ~8c 2 Inputs ~8a, ~8c 2 Inputs ~8a, ~8c 2 Inputs 3-16 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 77 ~5a, ~5c 2 Inputs 2 Outputs Solid-State Solid-State ~6a, ~6c 2 Inputs 2 Outputs Not Used Not Used ~7a, ~7c 2 Inputs 2 Outputs Solid-State Solid-State ~8a, ~8c 2 Inputs Not Used GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 3-17...
Page 78 3.2 WIRING 3 HARDWARE 842762A2.CDR Figure 3–17: CONTACT INPUT AND OUTPUT MODULE WIRING (1 of 2) 3-18 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 79 SURGE 842763A2.CDR Figure 3–18: CONTACT INPUT AND OUTPUT MODULE WIRING (2 of 2) CORRECT POLARITY MUST BE OBSERVED FOR ALL CONTACT INPUT AND SOLID STATE OUTPUT CON- NECTIONS FOR PROPER FUNCTIONALITY. CAUTION GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 3-19...
Page 80 There is no provision in the relay to detect a DC ground fault on 48 V DC control power external output. We recommend using an external DC supply. NOTE 3-20 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 81 CONTACT INPUT 2 AUTO-BURNISH = ON 842751A1.CDR Figure 3–21: AUTO-BURNISH DIP SWITCHES The auto-burnish circuitry has an internal fuse for safety purposes. During regular maintenance, the auto-burnish functionality can be checked using an oscilloscope. NOTE GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 3-21...
Page 82: Transducer Inputs And Outputs
(5A, 5C, 5D, 5E, and 5F) and channel arrangements that may be ordered for the relay. Wherever a tilde “~” symbol appears, substitute with the slot position of the module. NOTE Figure 3–22: TRANSDUCER INPUT/OUTPUT MODULE WIRING 3-22 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 83: Rs232 Faceplate Port
3.2.8 RS232 FACEPLATE PORT A 9-pin RS232C serial port is located on the L90 faceplate for programming with a personal computer. All that is required to use this interface is a personal computer running the EnerVista UR Setup software provided with the relay. Cabling for the RS232 port is shown in the following figure for both 9-pin and 25-pin connectors.
Page 84 MM fiber optic cable 100Base-FX 100Base-T cable 10/100Base-T Copper ports 100Base-T cable 10/100Base-T 110 to 250 V DC 100 to 240 V AC – — Power supply GROUND 842765A5.CDR Figure 3–24: CPU MODULE COMMUNICATIONS WIRING 3-24 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 85 To ensure maximum reliability, all equipment should have similar transient protection devices installed. Both ends of the RS485 circuit should also be terminated with an impedance as shown below. Figure 3–25: RS485 SERIAL CONNECTION GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 3-25...
Page 86: Irig-B
IRIG-B RG58/59 COAXIAL CABLE RECEIVER TIME CODE GENERATOR BNC (IN) (DC SHIFT OR AMPLITUDE MODULATED SIGNAL CAN BE USED) REPEATER BNC (OUT) TO OTHER DEVICES (DC-SHIFT ONLY) 827756A5.CDR Figure 3–26: IRIG-B CONNECTION 3-26 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 87 Using the IRIG-B repeater function in conjunction with synchrophasors is not recommended, as the repeater adds a 40 μs delay to the IRIG-B signal. This results in a 1° error for each consecutive device in the string as reported in NOTE synchrophasors. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 3-27...
Page 88: Pilot Channel Communications
RS422, 1 channel RS422, 2 channels, 2 clock inputs RS422, 2 channels All of the fiber modules use ST type connectors. For two-terminal applications, each L90 relay requires at least one com- munications channel. 3-28 L90 Line Current Differential System...
Page 89: Fiber: Led And Eled Transmitters
2 Channels Figure 3–29: LASER FIBER MODULES When using a laser Interface, attenuators may be necessary to ensure that you do not exceed the maxi- mum optical input power to the receiver. WARNING GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 3-29...
Page 90: Interface
Remove the top cover by sliding it towards the rear and then lift it upwards. Set the timing selection switches (channel 1, channel 2) to the desired timing modes. Replace the top cover and the cover screw. 3-30 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 91 For connection to a higher order system (UR- to-multiplexer, factory defaults), set to octet timing (S1 = ON) and set timing mode to loop timing (S5 = OFF and S6 = OFF). GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 3-31...
Page 92 G.703 line side of the interface while the other lies on the differential Manchester side of the interface. DMR = Differential Manchester Receiver DMX = Differential Manchester Transmitter G7X = G.703 Transmitter G7R = G.703 Receiver 842775A1.CDR Figure 3–34: G.703 DUAL LOOPBACK MODE 3-32 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 93: Rs422 Interface
(data module 1), will connect to the clock inputs of the UR–RS422 interface in the usual fashion. In addition, the send timing outputs of data module 1 will also be paralleled to the terminal timing inputs of data module 2. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 3-33...
Page 94 Figure 3–37: TIMING CONFIGURATION FOR RS422 TWO-CHANNEL, 3-TERMINAL APPLICATION Data module 1 provides timing to the L90 RS422 interface via the ST(A) and ST(B) outputs. Data module 1 also provides timing to data module 2 TT(A) and TT(B) inputs via the ST(A) and AT(B) outputs. The data module pin numbers have been omitted in the figure above since they may vary depending on the manufacturer.
Page 95: Rs422 And Fiber Interface
WARNING Shield Tx – G.703 Rx – channel 1 Tx + Rx + Surge Fiber channel 2 842778A1.CDR Figure 3–40: G.703 AND FIBER INTERFACE CONNECTION GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 3-35...
Page 96: Ieee C37.94 Interface
IEEE C37.94 standard, as shown below. The UR-series C37.94 communication module has six (6) switches that are used to set the clock configuration. The func- tions of these control switches is shown below. 842753A1.CDR 3-36 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 97 Once the clips have cleared the raised edge of the chassis, engage the clips simultaneously. When the clips have locked into position, the module will be fully inserted. Figure 3–41: IEEE C37.94 TIMING SELECTION SWITCH SETTING GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 3-37...
Page 98: C37.94Sm Interface
For the internal timing mode, the system clock is generated internally. Therefore, the timing switch selection should be internal timing for relay 1 and loop timed for relay 2. There must be only one timing source configured. 3-38 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 99 Once the clips have cleared the raised edge of the chassis, engage the clips simultaneously. When the clips have locked into position, the module will be fully inserted. Figure 3–42: C37.94SM TIMING SELECTION SWITCH SETTING GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 3-39...
Page 100: Managed Ethernet Switch Modules
The type 2S and 2T embedded managed switch modules are supported by UR-series relays containing type 9S CPU mod- ules with revisions 5.5x and higher. The modules communicate to the L90 through an internal Ethernet port (referred to as the UR port or port 7) and provide an additional six external Ethernet ports: two 10/100Base-T ports and four multimode ST 100Base-FX ports.
Page 101: Managed Switch Led Indicators
UR Setup software, the Switch’s Secure Web Management (SWM), or through the console port using CLI. Select the Settings > Product Setup > Communications > Ethernet Switch > Configure IP menu item to open the Ethernet switch configuration window. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 3-41...
Page 102 SAVING THE ETHERNET SWITCH SETTINGS TO A SETTINGS FILE The L90 allows the settings information for the Ethernet switch module to be saved locally as a settings file. This file con- tains the advanced configuration details for the switch not contained within the standard L90 settings file.
Page 103: Uploading L90 Switch Module Firmware
NOTE b) SELECTING THE PROPER SWITCH FIRMWARE VERSION The latest switch module firmware is available as a download from the GE Multilin web site. Use the following procedure to determine the version of firmware currently installed on your switch Log into the switch using the EnerVista web interface.
Page 104 After saving the settings file, proceed with the firmware upload by selecting Yes to the above warning. Another window will open, asking you to point to the location of the firmware file to be uploaded. 3-44 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 105 The switch will automatically reboot after a successful firmware file transfer. NOTE Once the firmware has been successfully uploaded to the switch module, load the settings file using the procedure described earlier. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 3-45...
Page 106: Ethernet Switch Self-Test Errors
No setting required; the L90 EQUIPMENT The L90 has not detected the The L90 failed to see the switch module will read the state of a general MISMATCH: Card XXX presence of the Ethernet on power-up, because switch won’t...
Page 107: Human Interfaces
To start using the EnerVista UR Setup software, a site definition and device definition must first be created. See the EnerV- ista UR Setup Help File or refer to the Connecting EnerVista UR Setup with the L90 section in Chapter 1 for details.
Page 108 Site List window will automatically be sent to the on-line communicating device. g) FIRMWARE UPGRADES The firmware of a L90 device can be upgraded, locally or remotely, via the EnerVista UR Setup software. The correspond- ing instructions are provided by the EnerVista UR Setup Help file under the topic “Upgrading Firmware”.
Page 109: Enervista Ur Setup Main Window
Device data view windows, with common tool bar. Settings file data view windows, with common tool bar. Workspace area with data view tabs. Status bar. 10. Quick action hot links. 842786A2.CDR Figure 4–1: ENERVISTA UR SETUP SOFTWARE MAIN WINDOW GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System...
Page 110: Extended Enervista Ur Setup Features
(settings file templates) and online devices (online settings templates). The func- tionality is identical for both purposes. The settings template feature requires that both the EnerVista UR Setup software and the L90 firmware are at ver- sions 5.40 or higher.
Page 111 The following procedure describes how to add password protection to a settings file template. Select a settings file from the offline window on the left of the EnerVista UR Setup main screen. Selecting the Template Mode > Password Protect Template option. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System...
Page 112 Template Mode > View In Template Mode command. The template specifies that only the Pickup Curve Phase time overcurrent settings window without template applied. settings be available. 842858A1.CDR Figure 4–4: APPLYING TEMPLATES VIA THE VIEW IN TEMPLATE MODE COMMAND L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 113 Select an installed device or settings file from the tree menu on the left of the EnerVista UR Setup main screen. Select the Template Mode > Remove Settings Template option. Enter the template password and click OK to continue. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System...
Page 114: Securing And Locking Flexlogic™ Equations
Click on Save to save and apply changes to the settings template. Select the Template Mode > View In Template Mode option to view the template. Apply a password to the template then click OK to secure the FlexLogic™ equation. L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 115 FlexLogic™ entries in a settings file have been secured, use the following procedure to lock the settings file to a specific serial number. Select the settings file in the offline window. Right-click on the file and select the Edit Settings File Properties item. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System...
Page 116: Settings File Traceability
When a settings file is transfered to a L90 device, the date, time, and serial number of the L90 are sent back to EnerVista UR Setup and added to the settings file on the local PC. This infor- mation can be compared with the L90 actual values at any later date to determine if security has been compromised.
Page 117 4.2 EXTENDED ENERVISTA UR SETUP FEATURES The transfer date of a setting file written to a L90 is logged in the relay and can be viewed via EnerVista UR Setup or the front panel display. Likewise, the transfer date of a setting file saved to a local PC is logged in EnerVista UR Setup.
Page 118 ONLINE DEVICE TRACEABILITY INFORMATION The L90 serial number and file transfer date are available for an online device through the actual values. Select the Actual Values > Product Info > Model Information menu item within the EnerVista UR Setup online window as shown in the example below.
Page 119: Faceplate Interface
LED panel 2 LED panel 3 Display Front panel RS232 port Small user-programmable User-programmable Keypad (control) pushbuttons 1 to 7 pushbuttons 1 to 12 827801A7.CDR Figure 4–16: UR-SERIES STANDARD HORIZONTAL FACEPLATE PANELS GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 4-13...
Page 120: Led Indicators
The status indicators in the first column are described below. • IN SERVICE: This LED indicates that control power is applied, all monitored inputs, outputs, and internal systems are OK, and that the device has been programmed. 4-14 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 121 Support for applying a customized label beside every LED is provided. Default labels are shipped in the label pack- age of every L90, together with custom templates. The default labels can be replaced by user-printed labels. User customization of LED operation is of maximum benefit in installations where languages other than English are used to communicate with operators.
Page 122 RECLOSE ENABLED: The recloser is operational. • RECLOSE DISABLED: The recloser is not operational. • RECLOSE IN PROGRESS: A reclose operation is in progress. • RECLOSE LOCKED OUT: The recloser is not operational and requires a reset. 4-16 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 123: Custom Labeling Of Leds
EnerVista UR Setup software is installed and operational. • The L90 settings have been saved to a settings file. • The L90 front panel label cutout sheet (GE Multilin part number 1006-0047) has been downloaded from http:// www.GEindustrial.com/multilin/support/ur and printed.
Page 124 Enter the text to appear next to each LED and above each user-programmable pushbuttons in the fields provided. Feed the L90 front panel label cutout sheet into a printer and press the Print button in the front panel report window.
Page 125 4.3 FACEPLATE INTERFACE Bend the tab at the center of the tool tail as shown below. The following procedure describes how to remove the LED labels from the L90 enhanced front panel and insert the custom labels. Use the knife to lift the LED label and slide the label tool underneath. Make sure the bent tabs are pointing away from the relay.
Page 126 Slide the new LED label inside the pocket until the text is properly aligned with the LEDs, as shown below. The following procedure describes how to remove the user-programmable pushbutton labels from the L90 enhanced front panel and insert the custom labels.
Page 127 Slide the label tool under the user-programmable pushbutton label until the tabs snap out as shown below. This will attach the label tool to the user-programmable pushbutton label. Remove the tool and attached user-programmable pushbutton label as shown below. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 4-21...
Page 128 The panel templates provide relative LED locations and located example text (x) edit boxes. The following procedure demonstrates how to install/uninstall the custom panel labeling. Remove the clear Lexan Front Cover (GE Multilin part number: 1501-0014). Push in...
Page 129: Display
4.3.6 BREAKER CONTROL a) INTRODUCTION The L90 can interface with associated circuit breakers. In many cases the application monitors the state of the breaker, which can be presented on faceplate LEDs, along with a breaker trouble indication. Breaker operations can be manually initiated from faceplate keypad or automatically initiated from a FlexLogic™...
Page 130: Menus
Each press of the MENU key advances through the following main heading pages: • Actual values. • Settings. • Commands. • Targets. • User displays (when enabled). 4-24 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 131 Display Properties. TIME: 1.0 s To view the remaining settings associated with the Display Properties subheader, DEFAULT MESSAGE repeatedly press the MESSAGE DOWN key. The last message appears as shown. INTENSITY: 25% GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 4-25...
Page 132: Changing Settings
Text settings have data values which are fixed in length, but user-defined in character. They may be comprised of upper case letters, lower case letters, numerals, and a selection of special characters. 4-26 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 133 When the "NEW SETTING HAS BEEN STORED" message appears, the relay will be in "Programmed" state and the In Service LED will turn on. e) ENTERING INITIAL PASSWORDS The L90 supports password entry from a local or remote connection. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System...
Page 134 In the event that an incorrect Command or Setting password has been entered via the faceplate interface three times within a three-minute time span, the FlexLogic™ operand will be set to “On” and the L90 will not allow LOCAL ACCESS DENIED Settings or Command access via the faceplate interface for the next ten minutes.
Page 135 FlexLogic™ operand will be set to “On” and REMOTE ACCESS DENIED the L90 will not allow Settings or Command access via the any external communications interface for the next ten minutes. FlexLogic™ operand will be set to “Off” after the expiration of the ten-minute timeout.
Page 136 4.3 FACEPLATE INTERFACE 4 HUMAN INTERFACES 4-30 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 137: Overview
USER-DEFINABLE See page 5-55. DISPLAYS INSTALLATION See page 5-57. SETTINGS AC INPUTS See page 5-59. SYSTEM SETUP POWER SYSTEM See page 5-60. SIGNAL SOURCES See page 5-61. L90 POWER SYSTEM See page 5-64. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System...
Page 138 SELECTOR SWITCH See page 5-210. TRIP OUTPUT See page 5-216. SYNCHROCHECK See page 5-222. DIGITAL ELEMENTS See page 5-226. DIGITAL COUNTERS See page 5-229. MONITORING See page 5-231. ELEMENTS PILOT SCHEMES See page 5-245. L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 139 See page 5-275. DCMA OUTPUTS See page 5-276. SETTINGS TEST MODE See page 5-280. TESTING FUNCTION: Disabled TEST MODE FORCING: See page 5-280. FORCE CONTACT See page 5-281. INPUTS FORCE CONTACT See page 5-282. OUTPUTS GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System...
Page 140: Introduction To Elements
In more complex elements, a set of settings may be provided to define the range of the measured parameters which will cause the element to pickup. L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 141: Introduction To Ac Sources
Sources, in the context of L90 series relays, refer to the logical grouping of current and voltage signals such that one source contains all the signals required to measure the load or fault in a particular power apparatus. A given source may contain all or some of the following signals: three-phase currents, single-phase ground current, three-phase voltages and an auxiliary voltages from a single-phase VT for checking for synchronism.
Page 142 CTs through which any portion of the current for the element being protected could flow. Auxiliary CTs are required to perform ratio matching if the ratios of the primary CTs to be summed are not identical. In the L90 relay, provisions have been included for all the current signals to be brought to the device where grouping, CT ratio correction, and summation are applied internally via configuration settings.
Page 143 CTs on each of two breakers is required to measure the winding current flow. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System...
Page 144: Product Setup
When entering a settings or command password via EnerVista or any serial interface, the user must enter the correspond- ing connection password. If the connection is to the back of the L90, the remote password must be used. If the connection is to the RS232 port of the faceplate, the local password must be used.
Page 145 If an entered password is lost (or forgotten), consult the factory with the corresponding ENCRYPTED PASSWORD If the setting and command passwords are identical, then this one password allows access to both com- mands and settings. NOTE GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System...
Page 146 Range: 2 to 5 in steps of 1 INVALID ATTEMPTS MESSAGE BEFORE LOCKOUT: 3 Range: 5 to 60 minutes in steps of 1 PASSWORD LOCKOUT MESSAGE DURATION: 5 min The following access supervision settings are available. 5-10 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 147 INVALID ATTEMPS BEFORE LOCKOUT The L90 provides a means to raise an alarm upon failed password entry. Should password verification fail while accessing a password-protected level of the relay (either settings or commands), the FlexLogic™ operand is UNAUTHORIZED ACCESS asserted.
Page 148: Display Properties
TIME: 30 min Range: 0.002 to 0.020 pu in steps of 0.001 CURRENT CUT-OFF MESSAGE LEVEL: 0.020 pu Range: 0.1 to 1.0 V secondary in steps of 0.1 VOLTAGE CUT-OFF MESSAGE LEVEL: 1.0 V 5-12 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 149 Some customers prefer very low currents to display as zero, while others prefer the current be displayed even when the value reflects noise rather than the actual signal. The L90 applies a cut- off value to the magnitudes and angles of the measured currents.
Page 150: Clear Relay Records
Selected records can be cleared from user-programmable conditions with FlexLogic™ operands. Assigning user-program- mable pushbuttons to clear specific records are typical applications for these commands. Since the L90 responds to rising edges of the configured FlexLogic™ operands, they must be asserted for at least 50 ms to take effect.
Page 151: Communications
28800, 33600, 38400, 57600, 115200 RATE: 19200 Range: None, Odd, Even RS485 COM2 PARITY: MESSAGE None Range: 0 to 1000 ms in steps of 10 RS485 COM2 RESPONSE MESSAGE MIN TIME: 0 ms GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-15...
Page 152 MODBUS SLAVE ADDRESS grammed. For the RS485 ports each L90 must have a unique address from 1 to 254. Address 0 is the broadcast address which all Modbus slave devices listen to. Addresses do not have to be sequential, but no two devices can have the same address or conflicts resulting in errors will occur.
Page 153 5 SETTINGS 5.2 PRODUCT SETUP Changes to the setting will not take effect until the L90 is restarted. MODBUS TCP PORT NUMBER NOTE e) DNP PROTOCOL PATH: SETTINGS PRODUCT SETUP COMMUNICATIONS DNP PROTOCOL Range: see sub-menu below DNP PROTOCOL DNP CHANNELS...
Page 154 TIMEOUT: 120 s The L90 supports the Distributed Network Protocol (DNP) version 3.0. The L90 can be used as a DNP slave device con- nected to multiple DNP masters (usually an RTU or a SCADA master station). Since the L90 maintains two sets of DNP data change buffers and connection information, two DNP masters can actively communicate with the L90 at one time.
Page 155 DNP analog input points that are voltages will be returned with values 1000 times smaller (for example, a value of 72000 V on the L90 will be returned as 72). These settings are useful when analog input values must be adjusted to fit within cer- tain ranges in DNP masters.
Page 156 0 to 32 binary output paired controls. Points not configured as paired operate on POINTS a one-to-one basis. setting is the DNP slave address. This number identifies the L90 on a DNP communications link. Each DNP ADDRESS DNP slave should be assigned a unique address.
Page 157 The L90 supports the Manufacturing Message Specification (MMS) protocol as specified by IEC 61850. MMS is supported over two protocol stacks: TCP/IP over ethernet and TP4/CLNP (OSI) over ethernet. The L90 operates as an IEC 61850 server. The Remote inputs and outputs section in this chapter describe the peer-to-peer GSSE/GOOSE message scheme.
Page 158 IEC 61850 GSSE application ID name string sent as part of each GSSE message. This GSSE ID string identifies the GSSE message to the receiving device. In L90 releases previous to 5.0x, this name string was repre- sented by the setting.
Page 159 DESTINATION MAC address; the least significant bit of the first byte must be set. In L90 releases previous to 5.0x, the destination Ethernet MAC address was determined automatically by taking the sending MAC address (that is, the unique, local MAC address of the L90) and setting the multicast bit.
Page 160 The L90 has the ability of detecting if a data item in one of the GOOSE datasets is erroneously oscillating. This can be caused by events such as errors in logic programming, inputs improperly being asserted and de-asserted, or failed station components.
Page 161 GGIO1 INDICATION 1 a contact input, virtual input, a protection element status, etc.). The L90 must be rebooted (control power removed and re-applied) before these settings take effect. The following procedure illustrates the reception configuration. Configure the reception dataset by making the following changes in the...
Page 162 DNA and UserSt bit pairs that are included in GSSE messages. To set up a L90 to receive a configurable GOOSE dataset that contains two IEC 61850 single point status indications, the following dataset items can be selected (for example, for configurable GOOSE dataset 1): “GGIO3.ST.Ind1.stVal” and “GGIO3.ST.Ind2.stVal”.
Page 163 CPU resources. When server scanning is disabled, there will be not updated to the IEC 61850 logical node sta- tus values in the L90. Clients will still be able to connect to the server (L90 relay), but most data values will not be updated.
Page 164 The GGIO2 control configuration settings are used to set the control model for each input. The available choices are “0” (status only), “1” (direct control), and “2” (SBO with normal security). The GGIO2 control points are used to control the L90 virtual inputs.
Page 165 GGIO4. When this value is NUMBER OF ANALOG POINTS changed, the L90 must be rebooted in order to allow the GGIO4 logical node to be re-instantiated and contain the newly configured number of analog points.
Page 166 GGIO1 (binary status values). The settings allow the selection of FlexInteger™ values for each GGIO5 integer value point. It is intended that clients use GGIO5 to access generic integer values from the L90. Additional settings are provided to allow the selection of the number of integer values available in GGIO5 (1 to 16), and to assign FlexInteger™ values to the GGIO5 integer inputs.
Page 167 Since GSSE/GOOSE messages are multicast Ethernet by specification, they will not usually be forwarded by net- work routers. However, GOOSE messages may be fowarded by routers if the router has been configured for VLAN NOTE functionality. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-31...
Page 168 NUMBER: The Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) can be used to transfer files from the L90 over a network. The L90 operates as a TFTP server. TFTP client software is available from various sources, including Microsoft Windows NT. The dir.txt file obtained from the L90 contains a list and description of all available files (event records, oscillography, etc.).
Page 169 L90 clock is closely synchronized with the SNTP/NTP server. It may take up to two minutes for the L90 to signal an SNTP self-test error if the server is offline.
Page 170: Modbus User Map
MESSAGE Disabled These settings appear only if the L90 is ordered with an Ethernet switch module (type 2S or 2T). The IP address and Modbus TCP port number for the Ethernet switch module are specified in this menu. These settings are used in advanced network configurations.
Page 171: Real Time Clock
SNTP, the offset is used to determine the local time for the L90 clock, since SNTP provides UTC time. The daylight savings time (DST) settings can be used to allow the L90 clock can follow the DST rules of the local time zone.
Page 172: Fault Reports
MESSAGE Z0 ANGLE: 75° The L90 incorporates a multi-ended fault locator method based on the synchronized voltage and current measurements at all ends of the transmission line. This makes it possible to compute the fault location without assumptions or approxima- tions.
Page 173 When the single-ended algorithm is used for three-terminal line applications, the faulted segment of the line is not deter- mined and reported. The L90 relay supports one fault report and an associated fault locator. The signal source and trigger condition, as well as the characteristics of the line or feeder, are entered in this menu.
Page 174: Oscillography
Range: 0 to 100% in steps of 1 TRIGGER POSITION: MESSAGE Range: FlexLogic™ operand TRIGGER SOURCE: MESSAGE Range: Off; 8, 16, 32, 64 samples/cycle AC INPUT WAVEFORMS: MESSAGE 16 samples/cycle DIGITAL CHANNELS MESSAGE ANALOG CHANNELS MESSAGE 5-38 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 175 DIGITAL 1(63) CHANNEL each oscillography trace depends in part on the number of parameters selected here. Parameters set to “Off” are ignored. Upon startup, the relay will automatically prepare the parameter list. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-39...
Page 176: Data Logger
Range: Off, any FlexAnalog parameter. See Appendix A: DATA LOGGER CHNL 16: MESSAGE FlexAnalog Parameters for complete list. Range: Not applicable - shows computed data only DATA LOGGER CONFIG: MESSAGE 0 CHNL x 0.0 DAYS 5-40 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 177 – entering this number via the relay keypad will cause the corresponding parameter to be displayed. • DATA LOGGER CONFIG: This display presents the total amount of time the Data Logger can record the channels not selected to “Off” without over-writing old data. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-41...
Page 178: Demand
Start Demand Interval logic input pulses. Each new value of demand becomes available at the end of each pulse. Assign a FlexLogic™ operand to the setting to program the input for the new DEMAND TRIGGER demand interval pulses. 5-42 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 179: User-Programmable Leds
LED states (on or off) in memory. When the test completes, the LEDs reflect the actual state resulting from relay response during testing. The reset pushbutton will not clear any targets when the LED Test is in progress. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-43...
Page 180 Assume one needs to check if any LEDs are “burned” as well as exercise one LED at a time to check for other failures. This is to be performed via user-programmable pushbutton 1. 5-44 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 181 “Latched”, the LED, once lit, remains so until reset by the faceplate RESET button, from a remote device via a com- munications channel, or from any programmed operand, even if the LED operand state de-asserts. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-45...
Page 182: User-Programmable Self-Tests
Refer to the Relay self-tests section in chapter 7 for additional information on major and minor self-test alarms. To enable the Ethernet switch failure function, ensure that the is “Enabled” in this ETHERNET SWITCH FAIL FUNCTION menu. NOTE 5-46 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 183: Control Pushbuttons
The location of the control pushbuttons are shown in the following figures. Control pushbuttons 842813A1.CDR Figure 5–5: CONTROL PUSHBUTTONS (ENHANCED FACEPLATE) An additional four control pushbuttons are included on the standard faceplate when the L90 is ordered with the twelve user- programmable pushbutton option. STATUS EVENT CAUSE...
Page 184 SYSTEM SETUP/ BREAKERS/BREAKER 1/ BREAKER 1 PUSHBUTTON CONTROL Enabled=1 TIMER FLEXLOGIC OPERAND SYSTEM SETUP/ BREAKERS/BREAKER 2/ CONTROL PUSHBTN 1 ON 100 msec BREAKER 2 PUSHBUTTON CONTROL 842010A2.CDR Enabled=1 Figure 5–7: CONTROL PUSHBUTTON LOGIC 5-48 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 185: User-Programmable Pushbuttons
FlexLogic™ equations, protection elements, and control elements. Typical applications include breaker control, autorecloser blocking, and setting groups changes. The user-programmable pushbuttons are under the control level of password protection. The user-configurable pushbuttons for the enhanced faceplate are shown below. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-49...
Page 186 The pulse duration of the remote set, remote reset, or local pushbutton must be at least 50 ms to operate the push- button. This allows the user-programmable pushbuttons to properly operate during power cycling events and vari- NOTE ous system disturbances that may cause transient assertion of the operating signals. 5-50 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 187 PUSHBTN 1 RESET • PUSHBTN 1 LOCAL: This setting assigns the FlexLogic™ operand serving to inhibit pushbutton operation from the front panel pushbuttons. This locking functionality is not applicable to pushbutton autoreset. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-51...
Page 188 “Normal” if the setting is “High Priority” or “Normal”. PUSHBTN 1 MESSAGE • PUSHBUTTON 1 EVENTS: If this setting is enabled, each pushbutton state change will be logged as an event into event recorder. 5-52 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 189 Off = 0 SETTING SETTING Autoreset Delay Autoreset Function = Enabled = Disabled SETTING Drop-Out Timer TIMER FLEXLOGIC OPERAND 200 ms PUSHBUTTON 1 ON 842021A3.CDR Figure 5–10: USER-PROGRAMMABLE PUSHBUTTON LOGIC (Sheet 1 of 2) GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-53...
Page 190: Flex State Parameters
16 states may be read out in a single Modbus register. The state bits can be configured so that all of the states which are of interest to the user are available in a minimum number of Modbus registers. 5-54 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 191: User-Definable Displays
INVOKE AND SCROLL play, not at the first user-defined display. The pulses must last for at least 250 ms to take effect. INVOKE AND SCROLL GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-55...
Page 192 4 seconds. While viewing a user display, press the ENTER key and then select the ‘Yes” option to remove the display from the user display list. Use the MENU key again to exit the user displays menu. 5-56 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 193: Installation
This name will appear on generated reports. This name RELAY NAME is also used to identify specific devices which are engaged in automatically sending/receiving data over the Ethernet com- munications channel using the IEC 61850 protocol. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-57...
Page 194: Remote Resources Configuration
Bricks. Remote resources settings configure the point-to-point connection between specific fiber optic ports on the L90 process card and specific Brick. The relay is then configured to measure spe- cific currents, voltages and contact inputs from those Bricks, and to control specific outputs.
Page 195: System Setup
1000:1 CT before summation. If a protection element is set up to act on SRC 1 currents, then a pickup level of 1 pu will operate on 1000 A primary. The same rule applies for current sums from CTs with different secondary taps (5 A and 1 A). GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-59...
Page 196: Power System
5-60 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 197: Signal Sources
FREQUENCY TRACKING cial variable-frequency applications. NOTE The frequency tracking feature will function only when the L90 is in the “Programmed” mode. If the L90 is “Not Pro- grammed”, then metering values will be available but may exhibit significant errors. NOTE The nominal system frequency should be selected as 50 Hz or 60 Hz only.
Page 198 0.02 pu; thus by default the disturbance detector responds to a change of 0.04 pu. The metering sensitivity setting ( PROD- ) controls the sensitivity of the disturbance detector UCT SETUP DISPLAY PROPERTIES CURRENT CUT-OFF LEVEL accordingly. 5-62 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 199 CT/VT inputs that are used to provide the data. DSP Bank Source 1 Source 2 Amps Amps Source 3 51BF-1 51BF-2 Volts Amps Volts Amps Source 4 UR Relay Figure 5–14: EXAMPLE USE OF SOURCES GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-63...
Page 200: L90 Power System
CHANGE: 1.5 ms Any changes to the L90 power system settings will change the protection system configuration. As such, the 87L protection at all L90 protection system terminals must be temporarily disabled to allow the relays NOTE to acknowledge the new settings.
Page 201 The effect of charging current compensation is viewed in the METERING NOTE actual values menu. This effect is very dependent on CT and VT accuracy. 87L DIFFERENTIAL CURRENT GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-65...
Page 202 LOCAL (TERMINAL 1 and TERMINAL 2) ID NUMBER: In installations using multiplexers or modems for communica- tion, it is desirable to ensure the data used by the relays protecting a given line comes from the correct relays. The L90 performs this check by reading the ID number contained in the messages sent by transmitting relays and comparing this ID to the programmed correct ID numbers by the receiving relays.
Page 203 • BLOCK GPS TIME REF: This setting signals to the L90 that the time reference is not valid. The time reference may be not accurate due to problems with the GPS receiver. The user must to be aware of the case when a GPS satellite receiver loses its satellite signal and reverts to its own calibrated crystal oscillator.
Page 204 ACTUAL VALUE Ch2 Asymmetry ACTUAL VALUE FLEXLOGIC OPERAND Ch2 T-Time New - Ch2 Round Trip Time 87L DIFF 2 TIME CHNG Ch2 T-Time Old > CHANGE 831025A4.CDR Figure 5–16: CHANNEL ASYMMETRY COMPENSATION LOGIC 5-68 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 205: Breakers
Range: 0.000 to 1 000 000.000 s in steps of 0.001 MANUAL CLOSE RECAL1 MESSAGE TIME: 0.000 s Range: FlexLogic™ operand BREAKER 1 OUT OF SV: MESSAGE Range: Disabled, Enabled BREAKER 1 EVENTS: MESSAGE Disabled GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-69...
Page 206 1. The number of breaker control elements is dependent on the number of CT/VT modules specified with the L90. The follow- ing settings are available for each breaker control element.
Page 207 Off = 0 827061AS.CDR Figure 5–17: DUAL BREAKER CONTROL SCHEME LOGIC (Sheet 1 of 2) IEC 61850 functionality is permitted when the L90 is in “Programmed” mode and not in the local control mode. NOTE GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System...
Page 208 BREAKER 1 ANY P OPEN BREAKER 1 1P OPEN BREAKER 1 OOS SETTING BREAKER 1 OUT OF SV = Off 842025A1.CDR Figure 5–18: DUAL BREAKER CONTROL SCHEME LOGIC (Sheet 2 of 2) 5-72 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 209: Disconnect Switches
For greater security in determination of the switch pole position, both the 52/a and 52/b auxiliary contacts are used with reporting of the discrepancy between them. The number of available disconnect switches depends on the number of the CT/VT modules ordered with the L90. •...
Page 210 SWITCH 1 ALARM DELAY: This setting specifies the delay interval during which a disagreement of status among the three-pole position tracking operands will not declare a pole disagreement. This allows for non-simultaneous operation of the poles. IEC 61850 functionality is permitted when the L90 is in “Programmed” mode and not in the local control mode. NOTE 5-74...
Page 211 SWITCH Φ BAD ST SWITCH 1 C Φ CLSD SETTING SWITCH 1 C Φ OPEN SWITCH 1 ΦC OPENED SWITCH 1 C Φ INTERM = Off 842026A2.CDR Figure 5–19: DISCONNECT SWITCH SCHEME LOGIC GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-75...
Page 212: Flexcurves
1; that is, 0.98 pu and 1.03 pu. It is recommended to set the two times to a similar value; otherwise, the lin- ear approximation may result in undesired behavior for the operating quantity that is close to 1.00 pu. 5-76 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 213 The multiplier and adder settings only affect the curve portion of the characteristic and not the MRT and HCT set- tings. The HCT settings override the MRT settings for multiples of pickup greater than the HCT ratio. NOTE GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-77...
Page 214 EnerVista UR Setup software generates an error message and discards the proposed changes. NOTE e) STANDARD RECLOSER CURVES The standard recloser curves available for the L90 are displayed in the following graphs. 5-78 L90 Line Current Differential System...
Page 215 842723A1.CDR Figure 5–23: RECLOSER CURVES GE101 TO GE106 GE142 GE138 GE120 GE113 0.05 7 8 9 10 12 CURRENT (multiple of pickup) 842725A1.CDR Figure 5–24: RECLOSER CURVES GE113, GE120, GE138 AND GE142 GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-79...
Page 216 Figure 5–25: RECLOSER CURVES GE134, GE137, GE140, GE151 AND GE201 GE152 GE141 GE131 GE200 7 8 9 10 12 CURRENT (multiple of pickup) 842728A1.CDR Figure 5–26: RECLOSER CURVES GE131, GE141, GE152, AND GE200 5-80 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 217 Figure 5–27: RECLOSER CURVES GE133, GE161, GE162, GE163, GE164 AND GE165 GE132 GE139 GE136 GE116 0.05 GE117 GE118 0.02 0.01 7 8 9 10 12 CURRENT (multiple of pickup) 842726A1.CDR Figure 5–28: RECLOSER CURVES GE116, GE117, GE118, GE132, GE136, AND GE139 GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-81...
Page 218 Figure 5–29: RECLOSER CURVES GE107, GE111, GE112, GE114, GE115, GE121, AND GE122 GE202 GE135 GE119 7 8 9 10 12 CURRENT (multiple of pickup) 842727A1.CDR Figure 5–30: RECLOSER CURVES GE119, GE135, AND GE202 5-82 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 219: Phasor Measurement Unit
See page 5-98. NETWORK The L90 Line Current Differential System is provided with an optional phasor measurement unit feature. This feature is specified as a software option at the time of ordering. The number of phasor measurement units available is also dependent on this option. Refer to the Ordering section of chapter 2 for additional details.
Page 220 • PMU 1 SIGNAL SOURCE: This setting specifies one of the available L90 signal sources for processing in the PMU. Note that any combination of voltages and currents can be configured as a source. The current channels could be con- figured as sums of physically connected currents.
Page 221 When receiving synchrophasor date at multiple locations, with possibly different reference nodes, it may be more beneficial to allow the central locations to perform the compensation of sequence voltages. This setting applies to PMU data only. The L90 calculates symmetrical voltages independently for protection and control purposes without applying this correction.
Page 222 PMU1 PORT D-CH-16 MESSAGE NORMAL STATE: Off This section configures the phasor measurement unit (PMU) communication functions. • PMU1 COMM PORT: This setting specifies the communication port for transmission of the PMU data. 5-86 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 223 PMU1 PORT D-CH-1 NORMAL STATE to PMU1 PORT D-CH-16 NORMAL STATE: These settings allow for specify- ing a normal state for each digital channel. These states are transmitted in configuration frames to the data concentra- tor. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-87...
Page 224 Range: FlexLogic™ operands PMU 1 USER PMU1 USER TRIGGER: TRIGGER The user trigger allows customized triggering logic to be constructed from FlexLogic™. The entire triggering logic is refreshed once every two power system cycles. 5-88 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 225 L90 standards. This element requires the frequency is above the minimum measurable value. If the frequency is below this value, such as when the circuit is de-energized, the trigger will drop out.
Page 226 PMU 1 VOLT TRIGGER DPO TIME: This setting could be used to extend the trigger after the situation returned to nor- mal. This setting is of particular importance when using the recorder in the forced mode (recording as long as the trig- gering condition is asserted). 5-90 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 227 PMU 1 CURR TRIGGER DPO TIME: This setting could be used to extend the trigger after the situation returned to nor- mal. This setting is of particular importance when using the recorder in the forced mode (recording as long as the trig- gering condition is asserted). GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-91...
Page 228 For single-phase power, 1 pu is a product of 1 pu voltage and 1 pu current, or the product of nominal second- ary voltage, the VT ratio and the nominal primary current. For the three-phase power, 1 pu is three times that for a sin- gle-phase power. The comparator applies a 3% hysteresis. 5-92 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 229 S > APPARENT PICKUP APPARENT POWER, SB S > APPARENT PICKUP APPARENT POWER, SC S > APPARENT PICKUP 3P APPARENT POWER, S S > 3*(APPARENT PICKUP) 847003A1.CDR Figure 5–35: POWER TRIGGER SCHEME LOGIC GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-93...
Page 230 PMU 1 df/dt TRIGGER DPO TIME: PMU 1 SIGNAL FLEXLOGIC OPERAND SOURCE: df/dt > RAISE PMU 1 ROCOF TRIGGER ROCOF, df/dt –df/dt > FALL 847000A1.CDR Figure 5–36: RATE OF CHANGE OF FREQUENCY TRIGGER SCHEME LOGIC 5-94 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 231 Each logical phasor measurement unit (PMU) is associated with a recorder. The triggering condition is programmed via the menu. The recorder works with polar values using resolution as in the PMU actual values. PMU 1 TRIGGERING GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-95...
Page 232 Record Record Record Record Free Other logical PMUs memory Record Record Record Record Record Other logical PMUs No further recording after all allocated memory is used 847706A1.CDR Figure 5–39: “PROTECTED” MODE 5-96 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 233 PMU 1 REC D-CH-1 NM to PMU 1 REC D-CH-16 NM: This setting allows custom naming of the digital channels. Six- teen-character ASCII strings are allowed as in the CHNAM field of the configuration frame. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-97...
Page 234 NETWORK UDP PORT 1: This setting selects the first UDP port that will be used for network reporting. • NETWORK UDP PORT 2: This setting selects the second UDP port that will be used for network reporting. 5-98 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 235: Flexlogic
Figure 5–40: UR ARCHITECTURE OVERVIEW The states of all digital signals used in the L90 are represented by flags (or FlexLogic™ operands, which are described later in this section). A digital “1” is represented by a 'set' flag. Any external contact change-of-state can be used to block an element from operating, as an input to a control feature in a FlexLogic™...
Page 236 Some types of operands are present in the relay in multiple instances; e.g. contact and remote inputs. These types of oper- ands are grouped together (for presentation purposes only) on the faceplate display. The characteristics of the different types of operands are listed in the table below. Table 5–7: L90 FLEXLOGIC™ OPERAND TYPES OPERAND TYPE STATE...
Page 237 Exceeded maximum CRC error threshold on channel 2 87L DIFF CH1 ID FAIL The ID check for a peer L90 on channel 1 has failed 87L DIFF CH2 ID FAIL The ID check for a peer L90 on channel 2 has failed...
Page 238 5.5 FLEXLOGIC™ 5 SETTINGS Table 5–8: L90 FLEXLOGIC™ OPERANDS (Sheet 2 of 9) OPERAND TYPE OPERAND SYNTAX OPERAND DESCRIPTION ELEMENT: AUX UV1 PKP Auxiliary undervoltage element has picked up Auxiliary AUX UV1 DPO Auxiliary undervoltage element has dropped out undervoltage...
Page 239 5 SETTINGS 5.5 FLEXLOGIC™ Table 5–8: L90 FLEXLOGIC™ OPERANDS (Sheet 3 of 9) OPERAND TYPE OPERAND SYNTAX OPERAND DESCRIPTION ELEMENT: Dig Element 1 PKP Digital Element 1 is picked up Digital elements Dig Element 1 OP Digital Element 1 is operated...
Page 240 5.5 FLEXLOGIC™ 5 SETTINGS Table 5–8: L90 FLEXLOGIC™ OPERANDS (Sheet 4 of 9) OPERAND TYPE OPERAND SYNTAX OPERAND DESCRIPTION ELEMENT: NEUTRAL OV1 PKP Neutral overvoltage element 1 has picked up Neutral overvoltage NEUTRAL OV1 DPO Neutral overvoltage element 1 has dropped out...
Page 241 5 SETTINGS 5.5 FLEXLOGIC™ Table 5–8: L90 FLEXLOGIC™ OPERANDS (Sheet 5 of 9) OPERAND TYPE OPERAND SYNTAX OPERAND DESCRIPTION ELEMENT: PHASE OV1 PKP At least one phase of overvoltage 1 has picked up Phase overvoltage PHASE OV1 OP At least one phase of overvoltage 1 has operated...
Page 242 5.5 FLEXLOGIC™ 5 SETTINGS Table 5–8: L90 FLEXLOGIC™ OPERANDS (Sheet 6 of 9) OPERAND TYPE OPERAND SYNTAX OPERAND DESCRIPTION ELEMENT: POWER SWING OUTER Positive-sequence impedance in outer characteristic Power swing detect POWER SWING MIDDLE Positive-sequence impedance in middle characteristic POWER SWING INNER...
Page 243 5 SETTINGS 5.5 FLEXLOGIC™ Table 5–8: L90 FLEXLOGIC™ OPERANDS (Sheet 7 of 9) OPERAND TYPE OPERAND SYNTAX OPERAND DESCRIPTION ELEMENT: SYNC 1 DEAD S OP Synchrocheck 1 dead source has operated Synchrocheck SYNC 1 DEAD S DPO Synchrocheck 1 dead source has dropped out...
Page 244 5.5 FLEXLOGIC™ 5 SETTINGS Table 5–8: L90 FLEXLOGIC™ OPERANDS (Sheet 8 of 9) OPERAND TYPE OPERAND SYNTAX OPERAND DESCRIPTION INPUTS/OUTPUTS: Virt Op 1 Flag is set, logic=1 ↓ ↓ Virtual outputs Virt Op 96 Flag is set, logic=1 LED INDICATORS: LED IN SERVICE Asserted when the front panel IN SERVICE LED is on.
Page 245 5 SETTINGS 5.5 FLEXLOGIC™ Table 5–8: L90 FLEXLOGIC™ OPERANDS (Sheet 9 of 9) OPERAND TYPE OPERAND SYNTAX OPERAND DESCRIPTION TEMPERATURE TEMP MONITOR Asserted while the ambient temperature is greater than the maximum MONITOR operating temperature (80°C) USER- PUSHBUTTON 1 ON Pushbutton number 1 is in the “On”...
Page 246: Flexlogic™ Rules
If it is necessary to re-initialize FlexLogic™ during testing, for example, it is suggested to power the unit down and then back up. 5-110 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 247: Flexlogic™ Example
DIGITAL ELEMENT 1 State=Pickup (200 ms) Timer 1 DIGITAL ELEMENT 2 State=Operated Time Delay on Pickup (800 ms) CONTACT INPUT H1c State=Closed VIRTUAL OUTPUT 3 827026A2.VSD Figure 5–42: LOGIC EXAMPLE WITH VIRTUAL OUTPUTS GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-111...
Page 248 Following the procedure outlined, start with parameter 99, as follows: 99: The final output of the equation is virtual output 3, which is created by the operator "= Virt Op n". This parameter is therefore "= Virt Op 3." 5-112 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 249 87: The input just below the upper input to OR #1 is operand “Virt Op 2 On". 86: The upper input to OR #1 is operand “Virt Op 1 On". 85: The last parameter is used to set the latch, and is operand “Virt Op 4 On". GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-113...
Page 250 In the following equation, virtual output 3 is used as an input to both latch 1 and timer 1 as arranged in the order shown below: DIG ELEM 2 OP Cont Ip H1c On AND(2) 5-114 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 251: Flexlogic™ Equation Editor
TIMER 1 TYPE: This setting is used to select the time measuring unit. • TIMER 1 PICKUP DELAY: Sets the time delay to pickup. If a pickup delay is not required, set this function to "0". GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-115...
Page 252: Flexelements
The element can be programmed to respond either to a signal level or to a rate-of-change (delta) over a pre-defined period of time. The output operand is asserted when the operating signal is higher than a threshold or lower than a threshold as per user's choice. 5-116 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 253 The FLEXELEMENT 1 DIRECTION following figure explains the application of the FLEXELEMENT 1 DIRECTION FLEXELEMENT 1 PICKUP FLEXELEMENT 1 HYS- settings. TERESIS GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-117...
Page 254 DIRECTION = Under; FLEXELEMENT INPUT MODE = Signed; FlexElement 1 OpSig FLEXELEMENT 1 PKP FLEXELEMENT DIRECTION = Under; FLEXELEMENT INPUT MODE = Absolute; FlexElement 1 OpSig 842706A2.CDR Figure 5–50: FLEXELEMENT™ INPUT MODE SETTING 5-118 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 255 “Delta”. FLEXELEMENT 1 COMP MODE This setting specifies the pickup delay of the element. The setting FLEXELEMENT 1 PKP DELAY FLEXELEMENT 1 RST DELAY specifies the reset delay of the element. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-119...
Page 256: Non-Volatile Latches
Off=0 LATCH 1 ON Dominant LATCH 1 OFF SETTING Previous Previous State State LATCH 1 SET: Off=0 RESET 842005A1.CDR Figure 5–51: NON-VOLATILE LATCH OPERATION TABLE (N = 1 to 16) AND LOGIC 5-120 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 257: Grouped Elements
Each of the six setting group menus is identical. Setting group 1 (the default active group) automatically becomes active if no other group is active (see the Control elements section for additional details). GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-121...
Page 258 Range: 1 to 50% in steps of 1 CURRENT DIFF GND MESSAGE RESTRAINT: 25% Range: 0.00 to 5.00 s in steps of 0.01 CURRENT DIFF GND MESSAGE DELAY: 0.10 s Range: Disabled, Enabled CURRENT DIFF DTT: MESSAGE Enabled 5-122 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 259 CURRENT DIFF DTT: This setting enables and disables the sending of a DTT by the current differential element on per single-phase basis to remote relays. To allow the L90 to restart from master-master to master-slave mode (very important on three-terminal applications), must be set to “Enabled”.
Page 260 5.6 GROUPED ELEMENTS 5 SETTINGS Figure 5–52: CURRENT DIFFERENTIAL SCHEME LOGIC 5-124 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 261 The assigned current element should be mapped to appropriate output contact(s) to trip the stub bus breakers. It should be blocked unless disconnect is open. To prevent 87L tripping from remote L90 relays still protecting the line, the auxiliary contact of line disconnect switch (logic “1” when line switch is open) should be assigned to block the local 87L function by using the setting.
Page 262 5.6 GROUPED ELEMENTS 5 SETTINGS SETTING STUB BUS FUNCTION: Disabled=0 Enabled=1 SETTING STUB BUS DISCONNECT: FLEXLOGIC OPERAND Off=0 STUB BUS OP SETTING STUB BUS TRIGGER: Off=0 831012A3.CDR Figure 5–53: STUB BUS SCHEME LOGIC 5-126 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 263 2 or excessive phase current within eight power cycles after the autorecloser issues a close command results in the FlexLogic™ operand. For security, the overcurrent trip is supervised LINE PICKUP RCL TRIP GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-127...
Page 264 LINE PICKUP I<C Off = 0 FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS AR CLOSE BKR1 AR CLOSE BKR2 D60, L60, and L90 only FLEXLOGIC OPERAND SRCX VT FUSE FAIL OP Source selected in the line pickup element 837000AG.CDR Figure 5–54: LINE PICKUP SCHEME LOGIC...
Page 265 (logic 1), the distance functions become memory-polarized regardless of the positive-sequence voltage magni- tude at this time. When the selected operand is de-asserted (logic 0), the distance functions follow other conditions of the memory voltage logic. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-129...
Page 266 NOTE The distance zones of the L90 are identical to that of the UR-series D60 Line Distance Relay. For additional infor- mation on the L90 distance functions, please refer to Chapter 8 of the D60 manual, available on the GE EnerVista NOTE CD or free of charge on the GE Multilin web page.
Page 267 PHS DIST Z1 REACH PHS DIST Z1 RCA ance defined by as illustrated below. PHS DIST Z1 REV REACH PHS DIST Z1 REV REACH RCA GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-131...
Page 268 COMP LIMIT DIR COMP LIMIT DIR COMP LIMIT DIR RCA 837720A1.CDR Figure 5–56: DIRECTIONAL MHO DISTANCE CHARACTERISTIC COMP LIMIT REV REACH 837802A1.CDR Figure 5–57: NON-DIRECTIONAL MHO DISTANCE CHARACTERISTIC 5-132 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 269 Figure 5–58: DIRECTIONAL QUADRILATERAL PHASE DISTANCE CHARACTERISTIC COMP LIMIT COMP LIMIT LFT BLD RCA RGT BLD RCA -LFT BLD RGT BLD REV REACH COMP LIMIT COMP LIMIT 837803A1.CDR Figure 5–59: NON-DIRECTIONAL QUADRILATERAL PHASE DISTANCE CHARACTERISTIC GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-133...
Page 270 DIR COMP LIMIT = 60 RGT BLD RCA = 90 RGT BLD RCA = 80 LFT BLD RCA = 90 LFT BLD RCA = 80 837723A1.CDR Figure 5–61: QUADRILATERAL DISTANCE CHARACTERISTIC SAMPLE SHAPES 5-134 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 271 The setting is an angle of reach impedance as shown in the distance characteristic figures shown earlier. This setting is independent from , the characteristic angle of an PHS DIST Z1 DIR RCA extra directional supervising function. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-135...
Page 272 PHS DIST Z1 BLK: This setting enables the user to select a FlexLogic™ operand to block a given distance element. VT fuse fail detection is one of the applications for this setting. 5-136 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 273 PH DIST Z1 SUPN IBC PH DIST Z1 SUPN ICA OPEN POLE OP ** ** D60, L60, and L90 only. Other UR-series models apply regular current seal-in for zone 1. 837017A8.CDR Figure 5–63: PHASE DISTANCE ZONE 1 OP SCHEME from the open pole element (D60, L60, and L90 only)
Page 274 PH DIST Z3 PKP CA PH DIST Z3 OP CA 20 ms FLEXLOGIC OPERAND PH DIST Z3 OP ** D60, L60, and L90 only. 837020AA.CDR Figure 5–65: PHASE DISTANCE ZONES 3 AND HIGHER OP SCHEME D60, L60, and L90 only FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS...
Page 275 Range: 60 to 90° in steps of 1 GND DIST Z1 QUAD MESSAGE LFT BLD RCA: 85° Range: 0.050 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001 GND DIST Z1 MESSAGE SUPV: 0.200 pu GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-139...
Page 276 GND DIST Z1 REV REACH RCA • GND DIST Z1 SHAPE: This setting selects the shape of the ground distance characteristic between the mho and quadrilateral characteristics. The selection is available on a per-zone basis. 5-140 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 277 (3I_0) measured in the direction of the zone being compensated must be connected to the ground input CT of the CT bank configured under the . This setting specifies the ratio between the magnitudes of the mutual DISTANCE SOURCE GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-141...
Page 278 (see the Quadrilateral distance characteristic figure). The angular position of the blinder is adjustable with the use of the setting. This setting applies only to the GND DIST Z1 QUAD RGT BLD RCA 5-142 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 279 GND DIST Z1 PKP C FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS GND DIST Z1 SUPN IN OPEN POLE OP ** ** D60, L60, and L90 only. Other UR-series models apply regular current seal-in for zone 1. 837018A7.CDR Figure 5–69: GROUND DISTANCE ZONE 1 OP SCHEME GE Multilin...
Page 280 5.6 GROUPED ELEMENTS 5 SETTINGS from the open pole detector element D60, L60, and L90 only) FLEXLOGIC OPERAND OPEN POLE OP ** SETTING FLEXLOGIC OPERAND FLEXLOGIC OPERAND TIMER GND DIST Z2 OP A GND DIST Z2 DELAY GND DIST Z2 PKP A...
Page 281 5 SETTINGS 5.6 GROUPED ELEMENTS D60, L60, and L90 only FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS OPEN POLE OP A Ф OPEN POLE OP B Ф OPEN POLE OP C Ф SETTINGS GND DIST Z1 DIR GND DIST Z1 SHAPE GND DIST Z1 Z0/Z1 MAG...
Page 282 | IN | > Pickup GND DIST Z2 SUPN IN GND DIST Z2 DIR SUPN OPEN POLE OP ** ** D60, L60, and L90 only 837011AG.CDR Figure 5–73: GROUND DISTANCE ZONES 2 AND HIGHER SCHEME LOGIC GROUND DIRECTIONAL SUPERVISION: A dual (zero-sequence and negative-sequence) memory-polarized directional supervision applied to the ground distance protection elements has been shown to give good directional integrity.
Page 283 LIMIT ANGLE: 120° Range: 40 to 140° in steps of 1 POWER SWING MIDDLE MESSAGE LIMIT ANGLE: 90° Range: 40 to 140° in steps of 1 POWER SWING INNER MESSAGE LIMIT ANGLE: 60° GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-147...
Page 284 Different protection elements respond differently to power swings. If tripping is required for faults during power swing condi- tions, some elements may be blocked permanently (using the operand), and others may be blocked POWER SWING BLOCK and dynamically unblocked upon fault detection (using the operand). POWER SWING UN/BLOCK 5-148 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 285 The element can be set to use either lens (mho) or rectangular (quadrilateral) characteristics as illustrated below. When set to “Mho”, the element applies the right and left blinders as well. If the blinders are not required, their settings should be set high enough to effectively disable the blinders. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-149...
Page 286 5.6 GROUPED ELEMENTS 5 SETTINGS Figure 5–75: POWER SWING DETECT MHO OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS Figure 5–76: EFFECTS OF BLINDERS ON THE MHO CHARACTERISTICS 5-150 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 287 POWER SWING SHAPE: This setting selects the shapes (either “Mho” or “Quad”) of the outer, middle and, inner char- acteristics of the power swing detect element. The operating principle is not affected. The “Mho” characteristics use the left and right blinders. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-151...
Page 288 (the actual trip may be delayed as per the setting). Therefore, this angle must be selected in consider- TRIP MODE ation to the power swing angle beyond which the system becomes unstable and cannot recover. 5-152 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 289 The power swing blocking function is operational all the time as long as the element is enabled. The blocking signal resets the output operand but does not stop the out-of-step tripping sequence. POWER SWING TRIP GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-153...
Page 290 K_0, K_2 - three times the average change over last power cycle 842008A1.CDR K_1 - four times the average change over last power cycle Figure 5–79: POWER SWING DETECT SCHEME LOGIC (2 of 3) 5-154 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 291 L1 AND L4 LATCHES ARE SET DOMINANT L2, L3 AND L5 LATCHES ARE RESET DOMINANT Off=0 FLEXLOGIC OPERAND POWER SWING OUTGOING 827841A4.CDR Figure 5–80: POWER SWING DETECT SCHEME LOGIC (3 of 3) GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-155...
Page 292: Load Encroachment
The element operates if the positive-sequence voltage is above a settable level and asserts its output signal that can be used to block selected protection elements such as distance or phase overcurrent. The following figure shows an effect of the load encroachment characteristics used to block the quadrilateral distance element. 5-156 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 293 If the voltage is below this threshold a blocking signal will not be asserted by the element. When selecting this setting one must remember that the L90 measures the phase-to-ground sequence voltages regardless of the VT connection.
Page 294: Phase Current
DIRECTIONAL 2 b) INVERSE TIME OVERCURRENT CHARACTERISTICS The inverse time overcurrent curves used by the time overcurrent elements are the IEEE, IEC, GE Type IAC, and I t stan- dard curve shapes. This allows for simplified coordination with downstream devices.
Page 295 4.827 38.634 22.819 14.593 11.675 10.130 9.153 8.470 7.960 7.562 7.241 51.512 30.426 19.458 15.567 13.507 12.204 11.294 10.614 10.083 9.654 10.0 64.390 38.032 24.322 19.458 16.883 15.255 14.117 13.267 12.604 12.068 GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-159...
Page 296 1.835 1.067 0.668 0.526 0.451 0.404 0.371 0.346 0.327 0.311 0.80 2.446 1.423 0.890 0.702 0.602 0.538 0.494 0.461 0.435 0.415 1.00 3.058 1.778 1.113 0.877 0.752 0.673 0.618 0.576 0.544 0.518 5-160 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 297 = characteristic constant, and T = reset time in seconds (assuming energy capacity is 100% RESET is “Timed”) RESET Table 5–17: GE TYPE IAC INVERSE TIME CURVE CONSTANTS IAC CURVE SHAPE IAC Extreme Inverse 0.0040 0.6379 0.6200 1.7872 0.2461...
Page 298 = Reset Time in seconds (assuming energy capacity is 100% and RESET: Timed) RESET RECLOSER CURVES: The L90 uses the FlexCurve™ feature to facilitate programming of 41 recloser curves. Please refer to the FlexCurve™ sec- tion in this chapter for additional details. 5-162...
Page 299 ‘Mvr’ times the setting. If the voltage restraint feature PHASE TOC1 PICKUP is disabled, the pickup level always remains at the setting value. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-163...
Page 300 PHASE TOC1 C DPO Multiplier-Phase C PHASE TOC1 C OP SETTING PHASE TOC1 PKP PHASE TOC1 VOLT RESTRAINT: PHASE TOC1 OP Enabled PHASE TOC1 DPO 827072A4.CDR Figure 5–85: PHASE TIME OVERCURRENT 1 SCHEME LOGIC 5-164 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 301 The phase instantaneous overcurrent element may be used as an instantaneous element with no intentional delay or as a definite time element. The input current is the fundamental phasor magnitude. The phase instantaneous overcurrent timing curves are shown below for form-A contacts in a 60 Hz system. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-165...
Page 302 PHASE IOC1 PKP ETT NG PHASE IOC1 OP PHASE IOC1 BLOCK-B: PHASE IOC1 DPO Off = 0 ETT NG 827033A6.VSD PHASE IOC1 BLOCK-C: Off = 0 Figure 5–87: PHASE INSTANTANEOUS OVERCURRENT 1 SCHEME LOGIC 5-166 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 303 CTs and the line-line voltage from the VTs, based on the 90° or quadrature connection. If there is a requirement to supervise overcurrent elements for flows in opposite directions, such as can happen through a bus-tie breaker, two phase directional elements should be programmed with opposite element characteristic angle (ECA) settings. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-167...
Page 304 Therefore, a coordination time of at least 10 ms must be added to all the instantaneous protec- tion elements under the supervision of the phase directional element. If current reversal is of a concern, a longer delay – in the order of 20 ms – may be needed. 5-168 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 305: Neutral Current
NEUTRAL TOC2 See page 5-170. MESSAGE NEUTRAL IOC1 See page 5-171. MESSAGE NEUTRAL IOC2 See page 5-171. MESSAGE NEUTRAL See page 5-172. MESSAGE DIRECTIONAL OC1 NEUTRAL See page 5-172. MESSAGE DIRECTIONAL OC2 GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-169...
Page 306 NEUTRAL TOC1 PKP RESET: NEUTRAL TOC1 IN ≥ PICKUP NEUTRAL TOC1 DPO SOURCE: NEUTRAL TOC1 OP SETTING NEUTRAL TOC1 BLOCK: Off = 0 827034A3.VSD Figure 5–90: NEUTRAL TIME OVERCURRENT 1 SCHEME LOGIC 5-170 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 307 RESET DELAY : SETTING NEUTRAL IOC1 DPO NEUTRAL IOC1 OP 3( _0 - K _1 ) PICKUP NEUTRAL IOC1 BLOCK: Off=0 SETTING NEUTRAL IOC1 SOURCE: 827035A4.CDR Figure 5–91: NEUTRAL IOC1 SCHEME LOGIC GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-171...
Page 308 × × – (EQ 5.19) The positive-sequence restraint allows for more sensitive settings by counterbalancing spurious zero-sequence currents resulting from: • System unbalances under heavy load conditions. 5-172 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 309 1.5 of a power system cycle. The element is designed to emu- late an electromechanical directional device. Larger operating and polarizing signals will result in faster directional discrimi- nation bringing more security to the element operation. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-173...
Page 310 The low-side system impedance should be assumed minimal when checking for this condition. A similar sit- uation arises for a wye/delta/wye transformer, where current in one transformer winding neutral may reverse when faults on both sides of the transformer are considered. 5-174 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 311 NEUTRAL DIR OC1 REV PICKUP: This setting defines the pickup level for the overcurrent unit of the element in the reverse direction. When selecting this setting it must be kept in mind that the design uses a positive-sequence restraint technique for the “Calculated 3I0” mode of operation. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-175...
Page 312 3) POSITIVE SEQUENCE RESTRAINT IS NOT APPLIED WHEN _1 IS BELOW 0.8pu NEUTRAL DIR OC1 POS- SEQ RESTRAINT: 3( _0 - K _1 ) PICKUP 827077AB.CDR PICKUP Figure 5–93: NEUTRAL DIRECTIONAL OVERCURRENT LOGIC 5-176 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 313: Wattmetric Ground Fault
VT connected to the auxiliary channel bank of the relay). When the latter selection is made, the auxiliary channel must be identified by the user as a neutral voltage under the VT bank settings. This element will operate only if the aux- iliary voltage is configured as neutral. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-177...
Page 314 ⎛ ⎞ FlexCurve --------- - (EQ 5.22) ⎝ ⎠ Again, the FlexCurve timer starts after the definite time timer expires. 5-178 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 315 1 FUNCTION: WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 Enabled = 1 OC PKP DEL: WATT GND FLT 1 BLK: FLEXLOGIC OPERAND Off = 0 WATTMETRIC 1 PKP 837033A4.CDR Figure 5–95: WATTMETRIC ZERO-SEQUENCE DIRECTIONAL LOGIC GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-179...
Page 316: Ground Current
ETT NG RESET: GROUND TOC1 PKP GROUND TOC1 GROUND TOC1 DPO IG ≥ PICKUP SOURCE: GROUND TOC1 OP ETT NG GROUND TOC1 BLOCK: 827036A3.VSD Off = 0 Figure 5–96: GROUND TOC1 SCHEME LOGIC 5-180 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 317 ETT NG DELAY: GROUND IOC1 GROUND IOC1 RESET ETT NG PICKUP: DELAY: GROUND IOC1 SOURCE: IG ≥ PICKUP ETT NG GROUND IOC1 BLOCK: 827037A4.VSD Off = 0 Figure 5–97: GROUND IOC1 SCHEME LOGIC GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-181...
Page 318: Negative Sequence Current
< NEG SEQ PICKUP NEG SEQ TOC1 DPO NEG SEQ TOC1 BLOCK: NEG SEQ TOC1 OP Off=0 SETTING NEG SEQ TOC1 SOURCE: Neg Seq 827057A4.CDR Figure 5–98: NEGATIVE SEQUENCE TOC1 SCHEME LOGIC 5-182 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 319 SETTING NEG SEQ IOC1 DPO NEG SEQ IOC1 OP _2 - K _1 PICKUP NEG SEQ IOC1 BLOCK: Off=0 SETTING NEG SEQ IOC1 SOURCE: 827058A5.CDR Figure 5–99: NEGATIVE SEQUENCE IOC1 SCHEME LOGIC GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-183...
Page 320 The positive-sequence restraint allows for more sensitive settings by counterbalancing spurious negative-sequence and zero-sequence currents resulting from: • System unbalances under heavy load conditions. • Transformation errors of current transformers (CTs). • Fault inception and switch-off transients. 5-184 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 321 The reverse-looking function is designed to be faster as compared to the forward- looking function and should be used for the blocking direction. This allows for better protection coordination. The above GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-185...
Page 322 ≥ Type = Neg Sequence FLEXLOGIC OPERAND = Zero Sequence NEG SEQ DIR OC1 REV ( |I_0| – × |I_1| ) Pickup ≥ 827091A5.CDR Figure 5–101: NEGATIVE SEQUENCE DIRECTIONAL OC1 SCHEME LOGIC 5-186 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 323: Breaker Failure
Range: 0.001 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001 BF1 N AMP HISET MESSAGE PICKUP: 1.050 pu Range: 0.001 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001 BF1 PH AMP LOSET MESSAGE PICKUP: 1.050 pu GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-187...
Page 324 For the L90 relay, the protection trip signal initially sent to the breaker is already programmed as a trip output. The protection trip signal does not include other breaker commands that are not indicative of a fault in the protected NOTE zone.
Page 325 BREAKER FAILURE TIMER No. 2 (±1/8 cycle) INITIATE (1/8 cycle) BREAKER FAILURE CURRENT DETECTOR PICKUP (1/8 cycle) BREAKER FAILURE OUTPUT RELAY PICKUP (1/4 cycle) FAULT cycles OCCURS 827083A6.CDR Figure 5–102: BREAKER FAILURE MAIN PATH SEQUENCE GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-189...
Page 326 In microprocessor relays this time is not significant. In L90 relays, which use a Fourier transform, the calculated current magnitude will ramp-down to zero one power frequency cycle after the current is interrupted, and this lag should be included in the overall margin duration, as it occurs after current interruption.
Page 327 Upon operation of the breaker failure element for a single pole trip command, a three-pole trip command should be given via output operand BKR FAIL 1 TRIP OP GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-191...
Page 328 5.6 GROUPED ELEMENTS 5 SETTINGS In D60, L60, and L90 only From Trip Output FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS TRIP PHASE C TRIP PHASE B TRIP 3-POLE TRIP PHASE A SETTING BF1 FUNCTION: Enable=1 Disable=0 SETTING BF1 BLOCK : Off=0 SETTING BF1 PH A INITIATE:...
Page 329 5 SETTINGS 5.6 GROUPED ELEMENTS Figure 5–105: SINGLE-POLE BREAKER FAILURE, TIMERS (Sheet 2 of 2) GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-193...
Page 330 5.6 GROUPED ELEMENTS 5 SETTINGS Figure 5–106: THREE-POLE BREAKER FAILURE, INITIATE (Sheet 1 of 2) 5-194 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 331 5 SETTINGS 5.6 GROUPED ELEMENTS Figure 5–107: THREE-POLE BREAKER FAILURE, TIMERS (Sheet 2 of 2) GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-195...
Page 332: Voltage Elements
– ------------------ ⎝ ⎠ pickup where: T = operating time D = undervoltage delay setting (D = 0.00 operates instantaneously) V = secondary voltage applied to the relay = pickup level pickup 5-196 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 333 The minimum voltage setting selects the operating voltage below which the element is blocked (a setting of “0” will allow a dead source to be considered a fault condition). GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-197...
Page 334 The input voltage is the phase-to-phase voltage, either measured directly from delta-connected VTs or as cal- culated from phase-to-ground (wye) connected VTs. The specific voltages to be used for each phase are shown below. 5-198 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 335 FlexCurves A, B, or C) or be used as a definite time element. The setting applies only if NEUTRAL OV1 PICKUP DELAY setting is “Definite time”. The source assigned to this element must be configured for a phase VT. NEUTRAL OV1 CURVE GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-199...
Page 336 AUX UV1 EVENTS: MESSAGE Disabled The L90 contains one auxiliary undervoltage element for each VT bank. This element is intended for monitoring undervolt- age conditions of the auxiliary voltage. The selects the voltage level at which the time undervoltage ele- AUX UV1 PICKUP ment starts timing.
Page 337 AUX OV1 EVENTS: MESSAGE Disabled The L90 contains one auxiliary overvoltage element for each VT bank. This element is intended for monitoring overvoltage conditions of the auxiliary voltage. The nominal secondary voltage of the auxiliary voltage channel entered under SYSTEM...
Page 338 Off=0 DELAY : FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS < Vx Pickup AUX OV1 OP SETTING AUX OV1 DPO AUX OV1 SIGNAL AUX OV1 PKP SOURCE: AUXILIARY VOLT (Vx) 827836A2.CDR Figure 5–113: AUXILIARY OVERVOLTAGE SCHEME LOGIC 5-202 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 339: Supervising Elements
DD CONTROL LOGIC: This setting is used to prevent operation of I_0 and I_2 logic of disturbance detector during conditions such as single breaker pole being open which leads to unbalanced load current in single-pole tripping schemes. Breaker auxiliary contact can be used for such scheme. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-203...
Page 340 OR LOWER) IN 0.02 pu SETTING FLEXLOGIC OPERAND STEPS USING THE HIGHEST VALUE OF 50DD SV DD LOGIC I_0 AND I_2. SEAL-IN: Off=0 SETTING DD NON-CURRENT SUPV: Off=0 827044A6.CDR Figure 5–114: DISTURBANCE DETECTOR SCHEME LOGIC 5-204 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 341 Autoreclosure disabled can be utilized, or the autoreclosure counter if, for example, the second trip is required to be a three-pole signal. Likewise, any operand representing a change in the power system configuration, can be applied. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-205...
Page 342 OPEN POLE OP A Φ OPEN POLE OP B Φ OPEN POLE OP C Φ OPEN POLE OP SETTING 87L TRIP FORCE 3-Φ = Off 831020A5.CDR Figure 5–115: 87L TRIP SCHEME LOGIC 5-206 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 343: Control Elements
If more than one operate-type operand is required, it may be assigned directly from the trip bus menu. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-207...
Page 344 TRIP BUS 1 PKP = Enabled TRIP BUS 1 BLOCK = Off SETTINGS TRIP BUS 1 LATCHING = Enabled TRIP BUS 1 RESET = Off FLEXLOGIC OPERAND RESET OP 842023A1.CDR Figure 5–117: TRIP BUS LOGIC 5-208 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 345: Setting Groups
The assigned operand is used to control the “On” state of a particular settings group. VIRTUAL OUTPUT 1 GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-209...
Page 346: Selector Switch
SELECTOR 1 3BIT ACK: MESSAGE Range: Restore, Synchronize, Sync/Restore SELECTOR 1 POWER-UP MESSAGE MODE: Restore Range: Self-reset, Latched, Disabled SELECTOR 1 TARGETS: MESSAGE Self-reset Range: Disabled, Enabled SELECTOR 1 EVENTS: MESSAGE Disabled 5-210 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 347 SELECTOR 1 3BIT A0, A1, and A2: These settings specify a three-bit control input of the selector. The three-bit con- trol word pre-selects the position using the following encoding convention: POSITION rest GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-211...
Page 348 The selector position pre-selected via the stepping up control input has not been confirmed before the time out. SELECTOR 1 BIT ALARM The selector position pre-selected via the three-bit control input has not been confirmed before the time out. 5-212 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 349 3BIT A2 POS 1 POS 2 POS 3 POS 4 POS 5 POS 6 POS 7 BIT 0 BIT 1 BIT 2 STP ALARM BIT ALARM ALARM 842737A1.CDR Figure 5–119: TIME-OUT MODE GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-213...
Page 350 Make the following changes to selector switch element in the SETTINGS CONTROL ELEMENTS SELECTOR SWITCH menu to assign control to user programmable pushbutton 1 and contact inputs 1 through 3: SELECTOR SWITCH 1 5-214 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 351 SELECTOR 1 BIT ALARM 3-bit position out SELECTOR 1 ALARM SELECTOR 1 PWR ALARM SELECTOR 1 BIT 0 SELECTOR 1 BIT 1 SELECTOR 1 BIT 2 842012A2.CDR Figure 5–121: SELECTOR SWITCH LOGIC GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-215...
Page 352: Trip Output
START TMR Z2GR Inp1: MESSAGE Range: FlexLogic™ operand START TMR Z2GR Inp2: MESSAGE BKR ΦA OPEN: Range: FlexLogic™ operand MESSAGE BKR ΦB OPEN: Range: FlexLogic™ operand MESSAGE BKR ΦC OPEN: Range: FlexLogic™ operand MESSAGE 5-216 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 353 Assign a higher priority to pilot aided scheme outputs than to exclusively local inputs. The trip output element works in association with other L90 elements (refer to the Theory of operation chapter for a com- plete description of single-pole operations) that must be programmed and in-service for successful operation. The neces- sary elements are: recloser, breaker control, open pole detector, and phase selector.
Page 354 TRIP FORCE 3-POLE: Selects an operand that will force an input selected for single pole operation to produce a three pole operation. The FlexLogic™ operand is the recommended value for this setting. Power system con- AR DISABLED figurations or conditions which require such operations may be considered as well. 5-218 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 355 Typically this value should be set around half a power system cycle. This setting should be used only in single- pole tripping applications, when evolving faults are of importance, and slightly delayed operation on evolving faults could be traded for enhanced accuracy of single-pole tripping. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-219...
Page 356 PUTT TRIP C D60 only HYBRID POTT TRIP C DIR BLOCK TRIP C DCUB TRIP C L90 only 87L TRIP OP C 837025AG.CDR Figure 5–122: TRIP OUTPUT SCHEME LOGIC (Sheet 1 of 2) 5-220 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 357 = Off FLEXLOGIC OPERAND Start Timer Z2Gr In2 TRIP Z2GR TMR INIT = Off From trip output ENABLED logic sheet 1, 837025AG 837034A2.CDR Figure 5–123: TRIP OUTPUT SCHEME LOGIC (Sheet 2 of 2) GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-221...
Page 358: Synchrocheck
ΔF. This time can be calculated by: ------------------------------- - (EQ 5.26) 360° × ΔF ----------------- - 2 ΔΦ × where: ΔΦ = phase angle difference in degrees; ΔF = frequency difference in Hz. 5-222 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 359 COMBINATION SOURCE Y SOURCE Z Phase VTs and Phase VTs and Phase Phase Auxiliary VT Auxiliary VT Phase VTs and Phase VT Phase Phase Auxiliary VT Phase VT Phase VT Phase Phase GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-223...
Page 360 The relay will use the phase channel of a three-phase set of voltages if pro- grammed as part of that source. The relay will use the auxiliary voltage channel only if that channel is programmed as part of the Source and a three-phase set is not. 5-224 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 361 Frequency F2 I F1 – F2 I = F Δ = SRC 2 ACTUAL VALUE Synchrocheck 1 V Δ Synchrocheck 1 ΔΦ Synchrocheck 1 F Δ 827076AB.CDR Figure 5–124: SYNCHROCHECK SCHEME LOGIC GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-225...
Page 362: Digital Elements
Some versions of the digital input modules include an active voltage monitor circuit connected across form-A contacts. The voltage monitor circuit limits the trickle current through the output circuit (see technical specifications for form-A). 5-226 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 363 The settings to use digital element 1 to monitor the breaker trip circuit are indicated below (EnerVista UR Setup example shown): setting should be greater than the operating time of the breaker to avoid nuisance PICKUP DELAY alarms. NOTE GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-227...
Page 364 V = voltage monitor 827074A3.CDR Figure 5–127: TRIP CIRCUIT EXAMPLE 2 The wiring connection for two examples above is applicable to both form-A contacts with voltage monitoring and solid-state contact with voltage monitoring. NOTE 5-228 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 365: Digital Counters
–2,147,483,648 counts, the counter will rollover to +2,147,483,647. • COUNTER 1 BLOCK: Selects the FlexLogic™ operand for blocking the counting operation. All counter operands are blocked. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-229...
Page 366 COUNTER 1 FROZEN: Off = 0 STORE DATE & TIME Date & Time SETTING COUNT1 FREEZE/RESET: Off = 0 827065A1.VSD SETTING COUNT1 FREEZE/COUNT: Off = 0 Figure 5–128: DIGITAL COUNTER SCHEME LOGIC 5-230 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 367: Monitoring Elements
See page 5–241. MESSAGE VT FUSE FAILURE 2 See page 5–241. MESSAGE VT FUSE FAILURE 3 See page 5–241. MESSAGE VT FUSE FAILURE 4 See page 5–241. MESSAGE OPEN POLE See page 5–242. MESSAGE GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-231...
Page 368 • BKR 1 ARC AMP LIMIT: Selects the threshold value above which the output operand is set. 5-232 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 369 BKR 1 ARCING AMP C 827071A3.CDR BKR 1 OPERATING TIME A BKR 1 OPERATING TIME B BKR 1 OPERATING TIME C BKR 1 OPERATING TIME Figure 5–130: BREAKER ARCING CURRENT SCHEME LOGIC GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-233...
Page 370 Voltage drop measured from either side of the breaker during the flashover period, Voltage difference drop, and Measured flashover current through the breaker. Furthermore, the scheme is applicable for cases where either one or two sets of three-phase voltages are available across the breaker. 5-234 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 371 This application do not require detection of breaker status via a 52a contact, as it uses a voltage difference larger than the setting. However, monitoring the breaker contact will ensure scheme stability. BRK 1 FLSHOVR DIFF V PKP GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-235...
Page 372 BRK 1 FLSHOVR SPV A to BRK 1 FLSHOVR SPV C: These settings specifiy FlexLogic™ operands (per breaker pole) that supervise the operation of the element per phase. Supervision can be provided by operation of other protec- 5-236 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 373 Range: FlexLogic™ operand. To supervise voltage logic, CONT MONITOR V-SUPV: MESSAGE use VT FUSE FAIL OP Range: Self-reset, Latched, Disabled CONT MONITOR MESSAGE TARGET: Self-reset Range: Disabled, Enabled CONT MONITOR MESSAGE EVENTS: Disabled GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-237...
Page 374 V_SUPV: Off = 0 FLEXLOG C OPE AND CONT MONITOR OP CONT MONITOR PKP ETT NG CONT MONITOR DPO CONT MONITOR V_OP: Off = 0 827049A3.vsd Figure 5–132: CONTINUOUS MONITOR SCHEME LOGIC 5-238 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 375 CT FAIL 3I0 INPUT 2 PICKUP: This setting selects the 3I_0 pickup value for input 2 (different CT input) of the relay. • CT FAIL 3V0 INPUT: This setting selects the voltage source. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-239...
Page 376 CT FAIL 3IO INPUT2: CT FAIL 3IO INPUT2 PKP: SRC2 3IO > PICKUP SETTING SETTING CT FAIL 3VO INPUT: CT FAIL 3VO INPUT: SRC1 3VO > PICKUP 827048A6.CDR Figure 5–133: CT FAILURE DETECTOR SCHEME LOGIC 5-240 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 377 20 cycles SRC1 VT FUSE FAIL DPO FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS SRC1 50DD OP OPEN POLE OP The OPEN POLE OP operand is applicable to the D60, L60, and L90 only. RESET Reset-dominant FLEXLOGIC OPERAND SRC1 VT FUSE FAIL VOL LOSS 827093AL.CDR Figure 5–134: VT FUSE FAIL SCHEME LOGIC...
Page 378 This setting is relevant if open pole condition at the remote end of the line is to be sensed and utilized by the relay ( FlexLogic™ operand). OPEN POLE REM OP 5-242 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 379 When used in configuration with only one breaker, the should be BREAKER 2 FUNCTION “Enabled” and the setting should be “On” (refer to the Breaker Control section earlier in this chapter BREAKER 2 OUT OF SV for additional details). GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-243...
Page 380 IB remote < Pickup OPEN POLE REM OP B Φ 2 cycles IC remote < Pickup OPEN POLE REM OP C Φ 2 cycles 837024AC.CDR Figure 5–135: OPEN POLE DETECTOR LOGIC (Sheet 1 of 2) 5-244 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 381: Pilot Schemes
DELAY: 0.050 s Range: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001 POTT SEAL-IN MESSAGE DELAY: 0.400 s Range: FlexLogic™ operand GND DIR O/C FWD: MESSAGE Range: FlexLogic™ operand POTT RX: MESSAGE GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-245...
Page 382 POTT scheme to return a received echo signal (if the echo feature is enabled). The value of this setting should take into account the principle of operation and settings of the line pickup element. 5-246 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 383 DELAY: FLEXLOGIC OPERAND ECHO DURATION: LINE PICKUP LEO PKP ECHO LOCKOUT: SETTING Echo duration and lockout logic POTT PERMISSIVE ECHO: Disabled = 0 Enabled = 1 837014A9.CDR Figure 5–137: POTT SCHEME LOGIC GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-247...
Page 384 Range: FlexLogic™ operand AR EXTEND DEAD T 1: MESSAGE Range: 0.00 to 655.35 s in steps of 0.01 AR DEAD TIME 1 MESSAGE EXTENSION: 0.50 s Range: FlexLogic™ operand AR RESET: MESSAGE 5-248 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 385 The signal used to initiate the autoreclose scheme is the trip output from protection. This signal can be single pole tripping for single phase faults and three phase tripping for multi-phase faults. The autoreclose scheme has five operating states. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-249...
Page 386 These operands are AR CLOSE BKR 1 AR CLOSE BKR 2 latched until the breaker closes or the scheme goes to Reset or Lockout. 5-250 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 387 (both breakers closed and there is no initiating signal) the reset timer will time out, return- ing the scheme to the reset state with the shot counter set to 0. The scheme will be ready for a new reclose cycle. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-251...
Page 388 The reclosing scheme contains logic that is used to signal trip logic that three-pole tripping is required for certain conditions. This signal is activated by any of the following: • Autoreclose scheme is paused after it was initiated. • Autoreclose scheme is in the lockout state. 5-252 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 389 (for 1-2 reclose sequence for example, breaker 1 should trip single pole and breaker 2 should trip 3 pole). GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-253...
Page 390: Autoreclose
AR TRANSFER 2 TO 1: This setting establishes how the scheme performs when the breaker closing sequence is 2-1 and breaker 2 is blocked. When set to “Yes” the closing command will be transferred direct to breaker 1 without waiting 5-254 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 391 AR BUS FLT INIT: This setting is used in breaker-and-a-half applications to allow the autoreclose control function to perform reclosing with only one breaker previously opened by bus protection. For line faults, both breakers must open for the autoreclose reclosing cycles to take effect. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-255...
Page 392 AR ZONE 1 EXTENT from autoreclose logic sheet 3 BKR CLOSED SETTING Reset Off = 0 PROTECTION & CB EVOLVING FAULT AR DISABLED 827089AR.CDR Figure 5–138: SINGLE-POLE AUTORECLOSE LOGIC (Sheet 1 of 3) 5-256 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 393 5 SETTINGS 5.7 CONTROL ELEMENTS Figure 5–139: SINGLE-POLE AUTORECLOSE LOGIC (Sheet 2 of 3) GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-257...
Page 394 OFF = 0 FLEXLOGIC OPERAND BREAKER 1 ONE P OPEN FLEXLOGIC OPERAND BREAKER 2 ONE P OPEN BKR ONE POLE OPEN (To sheet 1) 827833AA.CDR Figure 5–140: SINGLE-POLE AUTORECLOSE LOGIC (Sheet 3 of 3) 5-258 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 395 5 SETTINGS 5.7 CONTROL ELEMENTS Figure 5–141: EXAMPLE RECLOSING SEQUENCE GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-259...
Page 396: Inputs/Outputs
The DC input voltage is compared to a user-settable threshold. A new contact input state must be maintained for a user- settable debounce time in order for the L90 to validate the new contact state. In the figure below, the debounce time is set at 2.5 ms;...
Page 397 Event Records menu, make the following settings changes: "Breaker Closed (52b)" CONTACT INPUT H5A ID: "Enabled" CONTACT INPUT H5A EVENTS: Note that the 52b contact is closed when the breaker is open and open when the breaker is closed. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-261...
Page 398: Virtual Inputs
“Virtual Input 1 to OFF = 0” VIRTUAL INPUT 1 ID: (Flexlogic Operand) SETTING Virt Ip 1 VIRTUAL INPUT 1 TYPE: Latched Self - Reset 827080A2.CDR Figure 5–143: VIRTUAL INPUTS SCHEME LOGIC 5-262 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 399: Contact Outputs
The most dependable protection of the initiating contact is provided by directly measuring current in the tripping circuit, and using this parameter to control resetting of the initiating relay. This scheme is often called trip seal-in. This can be realized in the L90 using the FlexLogic™ operand to seal-in the contact output as follows: CONT OP 1 ION “Cont Op 1"...
Page 400 5 SETTINGS The L90 latching output contacts are mechanically bi-stable and controlled by two separate (open and close) coils. As such they retain their position even if the relay is not powered up. The relay recognizes all latching output contact cards and pop- ulates the setting menu accordingly.
Page 401: Virtual Outputs
FlexLogic™ equations. Any change of state of a virtual output can be logged as an event if programmed to do so. For example, if Virtual Output 1 is the trip signal from FlexLogic™ and the trip relay is used to signal events, the settings would be programmed as follows: GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-265...
Page 402: Remote Devices
32 “DNA” bit pairs that represent the state of two pre-defined events and 30 user-defined events. All remaining bit pairs are “UserSt” bit pairs, which are status bits representing user-definable events. The L90 implementation provides 32 of the 96 available UserSt bit pairs.
Page 403: Remote Inputs
5.8 INPUTS/OUTPUTS c) LOCAL DEVICES: DEVICE ID FOR TRANSMITTING GSSE MESSAGES In a L90 relay, the device ID that represents the IEC 61850 GOOSE application ID (GoID) name string sent as part of each GOOSE message is programmed in the...
Page 404: Remote Double-Point Status Inputs
RemDPS , and FlexLogic™ operands. These operands can then be Ip 1 BAD RemDPS Ip 1 INTERM RemDPS Ip 1 OFF RemDPS Ip 1 ON used in breaker or disconnect control schemes. 5-268 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 405: Remote Outputs
Direct input and output FlexLogic™ operands to be used at the local relay are assigned as follows: • Direct input/output 1-1 through direct input/output 1-8 for communications channel 1. • Direct input/output 2-1 through direct input/output 2-8 for communications channel 2 (three-terminal systems only). GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-269...
Page 406 FlexLogic™ operand. The setting above is used to select the operand which represents a specific function (as selected by the user) to be transmitted. 5-270 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 407 L90 communication channel (same for 1-2...1-8) (87L is Enabled) SETTING DIRECT OUTPUT 1-1: FLEXLOGIC OPERAND (same for 1-2...1-8) Fail DIRECT I/P 1-1 Off (Flexlogic Operand) (same for 1-2...1-8) 831024A1.CDR Figure 5–144: DIRECT INPUTS/OUTPUTS LOGIC GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-271...
Page 408: Resetting
GOOSE ANALOG 1 PU: This setting specifies the per-unit base factor when using the GOOSE analog input FlexAna- log™ values in other L90 features, such as FlexElements™. The base factor is applied to the GOOSE analog input FlexAnalog quantity to normalize it to a per-unit quantity. The base units are described in the following table.
Page 409: Iec 61850 Goose Integers
= maximum primary RMS value of all the sources related to the +IN and –IN inputs BASE (Max Delta Volts) The GOOSE analog input FlexAnalog™ values are available for use in other L90 functions that use FlexAnalog™ values. 5.8.12 IEC 61850 GOOSE INTEGERS PATH: SETTINGS...
Page 410: Transducer Inputs And Outputs
–20 to +180 MW; in this case the value would be “–20” and the DCMA INPUT H1 MIN VALUE DCMA INPUT H1 MAX value “180”. Intermediate values between the min and max values are scaled linearly. VALUE 5-274 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 411: Rtd Inputs
1.5 pu. FlexElement™ operands are available to FlexLogic™ for further interlocking or to operate an output contact directly. Refer to the following table for reference temperature values for each RTD type. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-275...
Page 412: Dcma Outputs
Range: –90.000 to 90.000 pu in steps of 0.001 DCMA OUTPUT H1 MESSAGE MIN VAL: 0.000 pu Range: –90.000 to 90.000 pu in steps of 0.001 DCMA OUTPUT H1 MESSAGE MAX VAL: 1.000 pu 5-276 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 413 DCMA OUTPUT H1 MAX VAL: This setting allows setting the maximum limit for the signal that drives the output. This setting is used to control the mapping between an internal analog value and the output current (see the following GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-277...
Page 414 The minimum and maximum power values to be monitored (in pu) are: 0 kA 6.3 kA minimum current ----------- - 0 pu, maximum current ---------------- - 1.26 pu (EQ 5.35) 5 kA 5 kA The following settings should be entered: 5-278 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 415 254.03 kV 1.27 kV • ±0.5% of reading For example, under nominal conditions, the positive-sequence reads 230.94 kV and the worst-case error is 0.005 x 230.94 kV + 1.27 kV = 2.42 kV. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-279...
Page 416: Testing
TEST MODE FORCING: MESSAGE The L90 provides a test facility to verify the functionality of contact inputs and outputs, some communication channels and the phasor measurement unit (where applicable), using simulated conditions. The test mode is indicated on the relay face- plate by a Test Mode LED indicator.
Page 417: Force Contact Inputs
Following a restart, power up, settings TEST MODE FUNCTION upload, or firmware upgrade, the test mode will remain at the last programmed value. This allows a L90 that has been placed in isolated mode to remain isolated during testing and maintenance activities. On restart, the TEST MODE FORCING setting and the force contact input and force contact output settings all revert to their default states.
Page 418: Force Contact Outputs
USER PUSHBUTTON 1 PUSHBUTTON 1 FUNCTION input 1 to initiate the Test mode, make the following changes in the menu: SETTINGS TESTING TEST MODE “Enabled” and “ ” TEST MODE FUNCTION: TEST MODE INITIATE: 5-282 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 419: Channel Tests
Range: 0.000 to 9.999 kA in steps of 0.001 PMU 1 IA TEST MESSAGE MAGNITUDE: 1.000 kA Range: –180.00 to 180.00° in steps of 0.05 PMU 1 IA TEST MESSAGE ANGLE: –10.00° GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 5-283...
Page 420 When required, it is recommended to use the user-pro- grammable digital channels to signal the C37.118 client that test values are being sent in place of the real measurements. 5-284 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 421: Actual Values
IEC 61850 See page 6-8. GOOSE UINTEGERS ETHERNET SWITCH See page 6-9. ACTUAL VALUES 87L DIFFERENTIAL See page 6-13. METERING CURRENT SOURCE SRC 1 See page 6-14. SOURCE SRC 2 SOURCE SRC 3 GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System...
Page 422 See page 6-22. OSCILLOGRAPHY See page 6-23. DATA LOGGER See page 6-23. PMU RECORDS See page 6-23. MAINTENANCE See page 6-24. ACTUAL VALUES MODEL INFORMATION See page 6-25. PRODUCT INFO FIRMWARE REVISIONS See page 6-25. L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 423: Status
The state displayed will be that of the remote point unless the remote device has been established to be “Offline” in which case the value shown is the programmed default state for the remote input. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System...
Page 424: Remote Double-Point Status Inputs
Range: On, Off, VOff, VOn, IOn, IOff CONTACT OUTPUTS Cont Op 1 Range: On, Off, VOff, VOn, IOn, IOff Cont Op 2 MESSAGE ↓ Range: On, Off, VOff, VOn, IOn, IOff Cont Op xx MESSAGE L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 425: Virtual Outputs
The present state of up to 16 programmed remote devices is shown here. The message indi- ALL REMOTE DEVICES ONLINE cates whether or not all programmed remote devices are online. If the corresponding state is "No", then at least one required remote device is not online. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System...
Page 426: Channel Tests
Range: n/a, FAIL, OK VALIDITY OF CHANNEL MESSAGE CONFIGURATION: n/a Range: n/a, FAIL, OK PFLL MESSAGE STATUS: n/a The status information for two channels is shown here. A brief description of each actual value is below: L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 427: Digital Counters
COUNTER 1 MICROS 6.2.12 SELECTOR SWITCHES PATH: ACTUAL VALUES STATUS SELECTOR SWITCHES Range: Current Position / 7 SELECTOR SWITCHES SELECTOR SWITCH 1 POSITION: 0/7 Range: Current Position / 7 SELECTOR SWITCH 2 MESSAGE POSITION: 0/7 GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System...
Page 428: Flex States
UINT INPUT 16 MESSAGE The L90 Line Current Differential System is provided with optional IEC 61850 communications capability. This feature is specified as a software option at the time of ordering. Refer to the Ordering section of chap- ter 2 for additional details. The IEC 61850 protocol features are not available if CPU type E is ordered.
Page 429: Ethernet Switch
SWITCH MAC ADDRESS: MESSAGE 00A0F40138FA These actual values appear only if the L90 is ordered with an Ethernet switch module (type 2S or 2T). The status informa- tion for the Ethernet switch is shown in this menu. • SWITCH 1 PORT STATUS to SWITCH 6 PORT STATUS: These values represents the receiver status of each port on the Ethernet switch.
Page 430: Metering Conventions
WATTS = Negative VARS = Positive PF = Lead PF = Lag PF = Lead Current UR RELAY 827239AC.CDR S=VI Generator Figure 6–1: FLOW DIRECTION OF SIGNED VALUES FOR WATTS AND VARS 6-10 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 431 ABC phase rotation: • ACB phase rotation: -- - V -- - V -- - V -- - V -- - V -- - V The above equations apply to currents as well. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 6-11...
Page 432 The power system voltages are phase-referenced – for simplicity – to VAG and VAB, respectively. This, however, is a relative matter. It is important to remember that the L90 displays are always referenced as specified under SETTINGS...
Page 433: Differential Current
The metered current values are displayed for all line terminals in fundamental phasor form. All angles are shown with respect to the reference common for all L90 devices; that is, frequency, source currents, and voltages. The metered pri- mary differential and restraint currents are displayed for the local relay.
Page 434: Sources
RMS In: MESSAGE 0.000 SRC 1 PHASOR Ia: MESSAGE 0.000 0.0° SRC 1 PHASOR Ib: MESSAGE 0.000 0.0° SRC 1 PHASOR Ic: MESSAGE 0.000 0.0° SRC 1 PHASOR In: MESSAGE 0.000 0.0° 6-14 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 435 SRC 1 RMS Vab: MESSAGE 0.00 SRC 1 RMS Vbc: MESSAGE 0.00 SRC 1 RMS Vca: MESSAGE 0.00 SRC 1 PHASOR Vab: MESSAGE 0.000 0.0° SRC 1 PHASOR Vbc: MESSAGE 0.000 0.0° GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 6-15...
Page 436 REACTIVE PWR MESSAGE φb: 0.000 SRC 1 REACTIVE PWR MESSAGE φc: 0.000 SRC 1 APPARENT PWR MESSAGE 3φ: 0.000 SRC 1 APPARENT PWR MESSAGE φa: 0.000 SRC 1 APPARENT PWR MESSAGE φb: 0.000 6-16 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 437 DMD IA DATE: MESSAGE 2001/07/31 16:30:07 SRC 1 DMD IB: MESSAGE 0.000 SRC 1 DMD IB MAX: MESSAGE 0.000 SRC 1 DMD IB DATE: MESSAGE 2001/07/31 16:30:07 SRC 1 DMD IC: MESSAGE 0.000 GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 6-17...
Page 438 If the 87L function is enabled, then dedicated 87L frequency tracking is engaged. In this case, the relay uses the METERING value for all computations, overriding the value. TRACKING FREQUENCY TRACKING FREQUENCY SOURCE FREQUENCY 6-18 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 439: Synchrocheck
= 10000 MWh or MVAh, respectively BASE (SRC X Positive and Negative Watthours); (SRC X Positive and Negative Varhours) × I SOURCE POWER = maximum value of V for the +IN and –IN inputs BASE BASE BASE GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 6-19...
Page 440: Iec 61580 Goose Analog Values
MESSAGE 0.000 The L90 Line Current Differential System is provided with optional IEC 61850 communications capability. This feature is specified as a software option at the time of ordering. Refer to the Ordering section of chap- ter 2 for additional details. The IEC 61850 protocol features are not available if CPU type E is ordered.
Page 441: Transducer Inputs And Outputs
RTD INPUT xx -50 °C Actual values for each RTD input channel that is enabled are displayed with the top line as the programmed channel ID and the bottom line as the value. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 6-21...
Page 442: Records
If all 1024 event records have been filled, the oldest record will be removed as a new record is added. Each event record shows the event identifier/sequence number, cause, and date/time stamp associated with the event trigger. Refer to the menu for clearing event records. COMMANDS CLEAR RECORDS 6-22 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 443: Oscillography
RECORDING The number of triggers applicable to the phasor measurement unit recorder is indicated by the value. NUMBER OF TRIGGERS The status of the phasor measurement unit recorder is indicated as follows: GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 6-23...
Page 444: Breaker Maintenance
BKR 1 ARCING AMP menu for clearing breaker arcing current records. The COMMANDS CLEAR RECORDS BREAKER OPERATING TIME defined as the slowest operating time of breaker poles that were initiated to open. 6-24 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 445: Product Information
6.5 PRODUCT INFORMATION 6.5PRODUCT INFORMATION 6.5.1 MODEL INFORMATION PATH: ACTUAL VALUES PRODUCT INFO MODEL INFORMATION Range: standard GE multilin order code format; MODEL INFORMATION ORDER CODE LINE 1: example order code shown L90-E00-HCH-F8F-H6A Range: standard GE multilin order code format...
Page 446 6.5 PRODUCT INFORMATION 6 ACTUAL VALUES 6-26 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 447: Commands And
The states of up to 64 virtual inputs are changed here. The first line of the display indicates the ID of the virtual input. The second line indicates the current or selected status of the virtual input. This status will be a state off (logic 0) or on (logic 1). GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System...
Page 448: Clear Records
24-hour clock. The complete date, as a minimum, must be entered to allow execution of this com- mand. The new time will take effect at the moment the ENTER key is clicked. L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 449: Relay Maintenance
Various self-checking diagnostics are performed in the background while the L90 is running, and diagnostic information is stored on the non-volatile memory from time to time based on the self-checking result. Although the diagnostic information is cleared before the L90 is shipped from the factory, the user may want to clear the diagnostic information for themselves under certain circumstances.
Page 450 PMU and not to the absolute UTC time. Therefore a simple IRIG-B genera- tor could be used instead. Also, the test set does not have to support GPS synchronization. Any stable signal source can L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 451 The one-shot feature can be used for ad hoc collection of synchronized measurements in the network. Two or more PMU can be pre-scheduled to freeze their measurements at the same time. When frozen the measurements could be collected using EnerVista UR Setup or a protocol client. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System...
Page 452: Targets Menu
The critical fail relay on the power supply module is de-energized. • All other output relays are de-energized and are prevented from further operation. • The faceplate In Service LED indicator is turned off. • event is recorded. RELAY OUT OF SERVICE L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 453 Contact Factory (xxx) • Latched target message: Yes. • Description of problem: One or more installed hardware modules is not compatible with the L90 order code. • How often the test is performed: Module dependent. • What to do: Contact the factory and supply the failure code noted in the display. The “xxx” text identifies the failed mod- ule (for example, F8L).
Page 454 How often the test is performed: Monitored every five seconds. An error is issued after five consecutive failures • What to do: Check the L90 device and switch IP configuration settings. Check for incorrect UR port (port 7) settings on the Ethernet switch. Check the power to the switch.
Page 455 What to do: Check direct input and output configuration and wiring. REMOTE DEVICE FAIL: COMM Path Incomplete • Latched target message: No. • Description of problem: One or more GOOSE devices are not responding. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System...
Page 456 Description of problem: The ambient temperature is greater than the maximum operating temperature (+80°C). • How often the test is performed: Every hour. • What to do: Remove the L90 from service and install in a location that meets operating temperature standards. UNEXPECTED RESTART: Press “RESET” key •...
Page 457: Security
When entering a settings or command password via EnerVista or any serial interface, the user must enter the correspond- ing connection password. If the connection is to the back of the L90, the remote password must be used. If the connection is to the RS232 port of the faceplate, the local password must be used.
Page 458: Password Security Menu
If an entered password is lost (or forgotten), consult the factory with the corresponding ENCRYPTED PASSWORD If the setting and command passwords are identical, then this one password allows access to both com- mands and settings. NOTE L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 459: Remote Passwords
ACCESS LEVEL SUPERVISION TIMEOUTS Range: 2 to 5 in steps of 1 INVALID ATTEMPTS MESSAGE BEFORE LOCKOUT: 3 Range: 5 to 60 minutes in steps of 1 PASSWORD LOCKOUT MESSAGE DURATION: 5 min GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System...
Page 460: Dual Permission Security Access
INVALID ATTEMPS BEFORE LOCKOUT The L90 provides a means to raise an alarm upon failed password entry. Should password verification fail while accessing a password-protected level of the relay (either settings or commands), the FlexLogic™ operand is UNAUTHORIZED ACCESS asserted.
Page 461 If access is permitted and an off-to-on transition of the FlexLogic™ operand is detected, the timeout is restarted. The status of this timer is updated every 5 seconds. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System...
Page 462: Settings Security
(settings file templates) and online devices (online settings templates). The func- tionality is identical for both purposes. The settings template feature requires that both the EnerVista UR Setup software and the L90 firmware are at ver- sions 5.40 or higher.
Page 463 The following procedure describes how to add password protection to a settings file template. Select a settings file from the offline window on the left of the EnerVista UR Setup main screen. Selecting the Template Mode > Password Protect Template option. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System...
Page 464 Template Mode > View In Template Mode command. The template specifies that only the Pickup Curve Phase time overcurrent settings window without template applied. settings be available. 842858A1.CDR Figure 8–4: APPLYING TEMPLATES VIA THE VIEW IN TEMPLATE MODE COMMAND L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 465 Select an installed device or settings file from the tree menu on the left of the EnerVista UR Setup main screen. Select the Template Mode > Remove Settings Template option. Enter the template password and click OK to continue. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System...
Page 466: Securing And Locking Flexlogic™ Equations
Click on Save to save and apply changes to the settings template. Select the Template Mode > View In Template Mode option to view the template. Apply a password to the template then click OK to secure the FlexLogic™ equation. 8-10 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 467 FlexLogic™ entries in a settings file have been secured, use the following procedure to lock the settings file to a specific serial number. Select the settings file in the offline window. Right-click on the file and select the Edit Settings File Properties item. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 8-11...
Page 468: Settings File Traceability
When a settings file is transfered to a L90 device, the date, time, and serial number of the L90 are sent back to EnerVista UR Setup and added to the settings file on the local PC. This infor- mation can be compared with the L90 actual values at any later date to determine if security has been compromised.
Page 469 8.2 SETTINGS SECURITY The transfer date of a setting file written to a L90 is logged in the relay and can be viewed via EnerVista UR Setup or the front panel display. Likewise, the transfer date of a setting file saved to a local PC is logged in EnerVista UR Setup.
Page 470 ONLINE DEVICE TRACEABILITY INFORMATION The L90 serial number and file transfer date are available for an online device through the actual values. Select the Actual Values > Product Info > Model Information menu item within the EnerVista UR Setup online window as shown in the example below.
Page 471: Enervista Security Management System
Select the Security > User Management menu item to open the user management configuration window. Enter a username in the User field. The username must be between 4 and 20 characters in length. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 8-15...
Page 472: Modifying User Privileges
The EnerVista security management system must be enabled. The following procedure describes how to modify user privileges. Select the Security > User Management menu item to open the user management configuration window. Locate the username in the User field. 8-16 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 473 When this box is checked, the user will become an EnerVista URPlus Setup administrator, therefore receiving all of the administrative rights. Exercise caution when granting administrator rights. Click OK to save the changes to user to the security management system. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 8-17...
Page 474 8.3 ENERVISTA SECURITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 8 SECURITY 8-18 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 475: Theory Of Operation
The second major technical consideration is the restraint characteristic, which is the decision boundary between situations that are declared to be a fault and those that are not. The L90 uses an innovative adaptive decision process based on an on-line computation of the sources of measurement error. In this adaptive approach, the restraint region is an ellipse with variable major axis, minor axis, and orientation.
Page 476: Removal Of Decaying Offset
Since the sampling clocks are synchronized, the time stamp is simply a sequence number. L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 477: Disturbance Detection
CT saturation is detected (see CT Saturation Detection for details); is an adaptive restraint term (see Online Estimate Of Measurement Error for details) LOC_ADA_A The squared restraining current is calculated as a sum of squared local and all remote restraints: GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System...
Page 478: Ground Differential Element
The line ground differential function allows sensitive ground protection for single-line to-ground faults, allowing the phase differential element to be set higher (above load) to provide protection for multi-phase faults. The L90 ground differential function calculates ground differential current from all terminal phase currents. The maximum phase current is used for the restraint.
Page 479: Clock Synchronization
In all cases, an estimate of phase error is computed and used to automatically adapt the restraint region to compensate. Frequency tracking is provided that will accommodate any fre- quency shift normally encountered in power systems. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System...
Page 480: Frequency Tracking And Phase Locking
GPS (Global Positioning System) to compensate for the channel delay asymmetry. This feature requires a GPS receiver to provide a GPS clock signal to the L90 IRIG-B input. With this option there are two clocks as each terminal: a local sampling clock and a local GPS clock.
Page 481: Frequency Detection
Current measurements can generally provide the most accurate information, but are not always available and may contain large errors during faults or switching transients. Time stamped messages are GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System...
Page 482 256 to the round trip and add 128 to the phase angle. Also, if the above equations are computed using integer values of time stamps, a conversion to phase angle in radians is required by multiplying by π / 32. L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 483 ( T1 T2 T2 T1 ) i -3, i-2, i -1, δ θ Calculate 1, 1. Speed up Slow down 831729A2.CDR Figure 9–2: ROUND TRIP DELAY AND CLOCK OFFSET COMPUTATION FROM TIME STAMPS GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System...
Page 484: Phase Locking Filter
T = the time between execution of the filter algorithm repeat = time constant for the primary phase locked loop phase = time constant for the frequency locked loop frequency 9-10 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 485: Matching Phaselets
A 6 Mhz clock with a 16-bit hardware counter is adequate, provided the method is used for achieving the 32-bit resolu- tion that is described in this document. • An 8-bit time stamp is adequate provided time stamp messages are exchanged once per cycle. • A 4-bit message sequence number is adequate. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 9-11...
Page 486: Online Estimate Of Measurement Errors
1_A k ( ) 1_ADA_A 1_MAG_A Another source of the measurement errors is clock synchronization error, resulting in a clock uncertainty term. The L90 algorithm accounts for two terms of synchronization error corresponding to: • Raw clock deviation computed from time stamps. There are several effects that cause it to not track exactly. First, the ping-pong algorithm inherently produces slightly different estimates of clock deviation at each terminal.
Page 487: Ct Saturation Detection
For short transmission lines the charging current is a small factor and can therefore be treated as an unknown error. In this application the L90 can be deployed with- out voltage sensors and the line charging current is included as a constant term in the total variance, increasing the differ- ential restraint current.
Page 488: Differential Element Characteristics
The L90 incorporates an adaptive differential algorithm based on the traditional percent differential principle. In the tradi- tional percent differential scheme, the operating parameter is based on the phasor sum of currents in the zone and the restraint parameter is based on the scalar (or average scalar) sum of the currents in the protected zone - when the operat- ing parameter divided by the restraint parameter is above the slope setting, the relay will operate.
Page 489: Relay Synchronization
CT saturation may be experienced. The major difference between the L90 differential scheme and a percent differential scheme is the use of an estimate of errors in the input currents to increase the restraint parameter during faults, permitting the use of more sensitive settings than those used in the traditional scheme.
Page 490: Operating Condition Characteristics
9.2OPERATING CONDITION CHARACTERISTICS 9.2.1 DESCRIPTION Characteristics of differential elements can be shown in the complex plane. The operating characteristics of the L90 are fundamentally dependant on the relative ratios of the local and remote current phasor magnitudes and the angles of as shown in the Restraint Characteristics figure.
Page 491 9 THEORY OF OPERATION 9.2 OPERATING CONDITION CHARACTERISTICS Figure 9–7: RESTRAINT CHARACTERISTICS GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 9-17...
Page 492: Trip Decision Example
Current differential section of chapter 5. The following figure shows how the L90 settings affect the restraint characteristics. The local and remote currents are 180° apart, which represents an external fault. The breakpoint between the two slopes indicates the point where the restraint area is becoming wider to override uncertainties from CT saturation, fault noise, harmonics, etc.
Page 493 9 THEORY OF OPERATION 9.2 OPERATING CONDITION CHARACTERISTICS loc pu OPERATE RESTRAINT BP=8, P=2, S1=30%, S2=50% BP=4, P=1, S1=30%, S2=50% BP=4, P=1, S1=20%, S2=40% OPERATE rem pu 831725A1.CDR Figure 9–8: SETTINGS IMPACT ON RESTRAINT CHARACTERISTIC GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 9-19...
Page 494: Single-Pole Tripping
Initiate breaker failure protection for phases A, B and C, either individually or as a group. • Notify the open pole detector when a single pole operation is imminent. • Initiate either single or three pole reclosing. 9-20 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 495 If the fault was permanent appropriate protection elements would detect it and place a trip request for the trip output ele- ment. As the is still asserted, the request is executed as a three-pole trip. AR FORCE 3-P TRIP GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 9-21...
Page 496 The response of the system from this point is as described above for the second trip, except the recloser will go to lockout upon the next initiation (depending on the number of shots programmed). 9-22 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 497: Phase Selection
9.3 SINGLE-POLE TRIPPING 9.3.2 PHASE SELECTION The L90 uses phase relations between current symmetrical components for phase selection. First, the algorithm validates if there is enough zero-sequence, positive-sequence, and negative-sequence currents for reliable analysis. The comparison is adaptive; that is, the magnitudes of the three symmetrical components used mutually as restraints confirm if a given com- ponent is large enough to be used for phase selection.
Page 498 PHASE SELECT CA PHASE SELECT ABG SETTING PHASE SELECT BCG DISTANCE SOURCE: PHASE SELECT CAG PHASE SELECT 3P PHASE SELECT SLG PHASE SELECT MULTI-P PHASE SELECT VOID 837027A5.CDR Figure 9–11: PHASE SELECTOR LOGIC 9-24 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 499: Fault Locator
9 THEORY OF OPERATION 9.4 FAULT LOCATOR 9.4FAULT LOCATOR 9.4.1 OVERVIEW The L90 uses two methods to determine fault type and fault location • A multi-ended fault location algorithm using synchronized currents and voltage measurements from all line terminals. •...
Page 500 A similar set of equations is applied to determine whether the fault is between the tap and the local terminal or between the tap and remote terminal 1. Next, having all the data prepared, the following universal equation is used to calculate the fault location. 9-26 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 501 RELAY 2 TO TAP RELAY 3 TO TAP 21.29 Ω ∠80.5° 36.50 Ω ∠80.5° 16.73 Ω ∠80.5° Impedance Length 70 km 120 km 55 km The three relays are connected as shown below. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 9-27...
Page 502 Relay 3: 1.2775 pu 56.917° When subjected to the expanded Clarke transform in the previous sub-section, the local voltages yield the following values (in per-unit values of the nominal primary phase-to-ground voltage): 9-28 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 503 Note that the correct value of the tap voltage is equal for all three relays. This is expected since the per-unit base for the composite voltages is equal for all three relays. The three relays calculate the differences as follows (refer to the previous sub-section for equations). GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 9-29...
Page 504 The actual fault location in this example was 50.00km from relay 2 as shown below. channel 1 channel 1 Relay 1 Relay 2 50 km 70 km 120 km channel 2 channel 2 Relay 3 channel 1 channel 2 831812A1.CDR Figure 9–13: ACTUAL FAULT LOCATION 9-30 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 505: Single-Ended Fault Locator
Im() represents the imaginary part of a complex number. Solving the above equation for the unknown m creates the following fault location algorithm: ∗ ⋅ Im V --------------------------------------- - (EQ 9.56) ∗ ⋅ ⋅ Im Z I where * denotes the complex conjugate and – Apre GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 9-31...
Page 506 -- - V – – (EQ 9.64) SYS0 -- - V – – SYS0 where Z is the equivalent zero-sequence impedance behind the relay as entered under the fault report setting menu. SYS0 9-32 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 507 Since the fault locator algorithm is based on the single-end measurement method, in three-terminal config- uration the estimation of fault location may not be correct at all three terminals especially if fault occurs NOTE behind the line's tap respective to the given relay. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 9-33...
Page 508 9.4 FAULT LOCATOR 9 THEORY OF OPERATION 9-34 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 509: Application Of
CTs. Ideally, CTs selected for line current differential protection should be based on the criteria described below. If the available CTs do not meet the described criteria, the L90 will still provide good security for CT saturation for external faults.
Page 510: Calculation Example 2
12000 A × × 0.008 Ω ---------------------------------- - 4.71 0.75 0.52 291.89 V (< 300 V, which is OK) (EQ 10.9) ratio of 300:1 The CT will provide acceptable performance in this application. 10-2 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 511: Current Differential (87L) Settings
10.2CURRENT DIFFERENTIAL (87L) SETTINGS 10.2.1 INTRODUCTION Software is available from the GE Multilin website that is helpful in selecting settings for the specific appli- cation. Checking the performance of selected element settings with respect to known power system fault NOTE parameters makes it relatively simple to choose the optimum settings for the application.
Page 512: Ct Tap
For relay 1, channel 1 communicates to relay 2 and channel 2 communicates to relay 3 • For relay 2, channel 1 communicates to relay 1 and channel 2 communicates to relay 3 10-4 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 513 This satisfies the equality condition indicated earlier. During on-load tests, the differential current at all terminals should be the same and generally equal to the charging current if the tap and CT ratio settings are chosen correctly. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 10-5...
Page 514: Breaker-And-A-Half
Assume a breaker-and-the-half configuration shown in the figure below. This section provides guidance on configuring the L90 relay for this application. The L90 is equipped with two CT/VT modules: F8F and L8F. CTs and VTs are connected to L90 CT/VT modules as follows: –...
Page 515 CURRENT DIFF SIGNAL to “SRC 1” and to “SRC 2”. SOURCE 1 CURRENT DIFF SIGNAL SOURCE 2 For distance and backup overcurrent, make the following settings changes (EnerVista UR Setup example shown): GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 10-7...
Page 516 10 APPLICATION OF SETTINGS For breaker failure 1 and 2, make the following settings changes (EnerVista UR Setup example shown): For synchrocheck 1 and 2, make the following settings changes (EnerVista UR Setup example shown): 10-8 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 517: Distributed Bus Protection
CT cable length. In other cases, there are no CTs available on the line side of the line to be protected. Taking full advantage of L90 capability to support up to 4 directly- connected CTs, the relay can be applied to protect both line and buses as shown below.
Page 518: Channel Asymmetry Compensation Using Gps
If GPS is enabled at all terminals and the GPS signal is present, the L90 compensates for the channel asymmetry. On the loss of the GPS signal, the L90 stores the last measured value of the channel asymmetry per channel and compensates for the asymmetry until the GPS clock is available.
Page 519: Compensation Method 2
Create FlexLogic™ similar to that shown below to switch the 87L element to Settings Group 2 (with most sensitive set- tings) if the L90 has a valid GPS time reference. If a GPS or 87L communications failure occurs, the L90 will switch back to Settings Group 1 with less sensitive settings.
Page 520 Set the 87L element with different differential settings for Settings Groups 1 and 2 as shown below Enable GPS compensation when the GPS signal is valid and switch to Settings Group 2 (with more sensitive settings) as shown below. 10-12 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 521: Distance Backup/Supervision
LV fault. For this system configuration, a 3-ter- minal L90 should be utilized; the third terminal is then fed from CT on the high side of the tapped transformer.
Page 522: Phase Distance
The current supervision alone would not prevent maloperation in such circumstances. It must be kept in mind that the fuse failure element provided on the L90 needs some time to detect fuse fail conditions. This may create a race between the instantaneous zone 1 and the fuse failure element. Therefore, for maximum security, it is recommended to both set the current supervision above the maximum load current and use the fuse failure function.
Page 523: Ground Distance
Similar to the phase fault case, a zone 3 element must be time coordinated with timed clearances on the next section. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System 10-15...
Page 524: Pott Signaling Scheme
This situation is encountered when it is desired to account for the zero sequence inter-circuit mutual cou- pling. This is not a problem for the ground distance elements in the L90 which do have a current reversal logic built into their design as part of the technique used to improve ground fault directionality.
Page 525: Series Compensated Lines
It is strongly rec- ommended to use a power system simulator to verify the reach settings or to use an adaptive L90 feature for dynamic reach control.
Page 526: Ground Directional Overcurrent
Net inductive reactance from relay through far-end busbar = 10 – 4 = 6 Ω; the offset cannot be higher than 6 Ω. • It is recommended to use 3.5 Ω offset impedance. • 10-18 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 527: Lines With Tapped Transformers
The L90 protection system could be applied to lines with tapped transformer(s) even if the latter has its windings connected in a grounded wye on the line side and the transformer(s) currents are not measured by the L90 protection system. The fol- lowing approach is recommended.
Page 528: Lv-Side Faults
LV busbars of all the tapped transformers. This may present some challenges, particularly for long lines and large transformer tapped close to the substations. If the L90 system retrofits distance relays, there is a good chance that one can set the distance elements to satisfy the imposed. If more than one transformer is tapped, partic- ularly on parallel lines, and the LV sides are interconnected, detailed short circuit studies may be needed to determine the distance settings.
Page 529: Instantaneous Elements
10.8.1 INSTANTANEOUS ELEMENT ERROR DURING L90 SYNCHRONIZATION As explained in the Theory of Operation chapter, two or three L90 relays are synchronized to each other and to system fre- quency to provide digital differential protection and accurate measurements for other protection and control functions.
Page 530 10.8 INSTANTANEOUS ELEMENTS 10 APPLICATION OF SETTINGS 10-22 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 531: Commissioning
G.703, and RS422. The speed is 64 Kbaud in a transparent synchronous mode with automatic synchronous character detection and CRC insertion. The Local Loopback Channel Test verifies the L90 communication modules are working properly. The Remote Loopback –4 Channel Test verifies the communication link between the relays meets requirements (BER less than 10 ).
Page 532: Clock Synchronization Tests
“OK” ACTUAL VALUES STATUS CHANNEL TESTS CHANNEL 1(2) STATUS: “n/a” ACTUAL VALUES STATUS CHANNEL TESTS REMOTE LOOPBACK STATUS: “OK” ACTUAL VALUES STATUS CHANNEL TESTS PFLL STATUS: 11-2 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 533: Current Differential
Repeat the above tests for Phases B and C. • Restore the communication circuits to normal. Download the UR Test software from the GE Multilin website (http://www.GEindustrial.com/multilin) or contact GE Multilin for information about the UR current differential test program which allows the user to simulate different NOTE operating conditions for verifying correct responses of the relays during commissioning activities.
Page 534: Local-Remote Relay Tests
These phasors and differential currents can be monitored at the ACTUAL VAL- menu where all current magnitudes and angles can be observed and con- METERING 87L DIFFERENTIAL CURRENT clusions of proper relay interconnections can be made. 11-4 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 535: Parameter Lists
6236 SRC 2 I_1 Mag Degrees Source 2 positive-sequence current magnitude 6238 SRC 2 I_1 Angle Amps Source 2 positive-sequence current angle 6239 SRC 2 I_2 Mag Degrees Source 2 negative-sequence current magnitude GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System...
Page 536 6366 SRC 4 I_1 Angle Amps Source 4 positive-sequence current angle 6367 SRC 4 I_2 Mag Degrees Source 4 negative-sequence current magnitude 6369 SRC 4 I_2 Angle Amps Source 4 negative-sequence current angle L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 537 SRC 2 Vbc Angle Degrees Source 2 phase BC voltage angle 6747 SRC 2 Vca Mag Volts Source 2 phase CA voltage magnitude 6749 SRC 2 Vca Angle Degrees Source 2 phase CA voltage angle GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System...
Page 538 SRC 4 Vcg Angle Degrees Source 4 phase CG voltage angle 6863 SRC 4 Vab RMS Volts Source 4 phase AB voltage RMS 6865 SRC 4 Vbc RMS Volts Source 4 phase BC voltage RMS L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 539 7224 SRC 2 PF Source 2 three-phase power factor 7225 SRC 2 Phase A PF Source 2 phase A power factor 7226 SRC 2 Phase B PF Source 2 phase B power factor GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System...
Page 540 SRC 2 Demand Ib Amps Source 2 phase B current demand 7700 SRC 2 Demand Ic Amps Source 2 phase C current demand 7702 SRC 2 Demand Watt Watts Source 2 real power demand L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 541 Synchrocheck 2 delta voltage 9222 Synchchk 2 Delta F Synchrocheck 2 delta frequency 9223 Synchchk 2 Delta Phs Degrees Synchrocheck 2 delta phase 9344 Local IA Mag Amps Local terminal phase A current magnitude GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System...
Page 542 Phasor measurement unit 1 phase A current angle 9560 PMU 1 Ib Mag Amps Phasor measurement unit 1 phase B current magnitude 9562 PMU 1 Ib Angle Degrees Phasor measurement unit 1 phase B current angle L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 543 RTD input 7 actual value 13559 RTD Inputs 8 Value RTD input 8 actual value 13560 RTD Inputs 9 Value RTD input 9 actual value 13561 RTD Inputs 10 Value RTD input 10 actual value GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System...
Page 544 39431 FlexElement 4 Value FlexElement™ 4 actual value 39433 FlexElement 5 Value FlexElement™ 5 actual value 39435 FlexElement 6 Value FlexElement™ 6 actual value 39437 FlexElement 7 Value FlexElement™ 7 actual value A-10 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 545: Flexinteger Items
IEC61850 GOOSE UInteger input 13 9994 GOOSE UInt Input 14 IEC61850 GOOSE UInteger input 14 9996 GOOSE UInt Input 15 IEC61850 GOOSE UInteger input 15 9998 GOOSE UInt Input 16 IEC61850 GOOSE UInteger input 16 GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System A-11...
Page 546 A.1 PARAMETER LISTS APPENDIX A A-12 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 547: Communications
Broadcast mode is only recognized when associated with function code 05h. For any other function code, a packet with broadcast mode slave address 0 will be ignored. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System...
Page 548: Algorithm
No: go to 8; Yes: G (+) A --> A and continue. Is j = 8? No: go to 5; Yes: continue i + 1 --> i Is i = N? No: go to 3; Yes: continue A --> CRC L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 549: Modbus Function Codes
125. See the Modbus memory map table for exact details on the data registers. Since some PLC implementations of Modbus only support one of function codes 03h and 04h. The L90 interpretation allows either function code to be used for reading one or more consecutive data registers.
Page 550: Execute Operation (Function Code 05H
DATA STARTING ADDRESS - low DATA STARTING ADDRESS - low DATA - high DATA - high DATA - low DATA - low CRC - low CRC - low CRC - high CRC - high L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 551: Store Multiple Settings (Function Code 10H
PACKET FORMAT EXAMPLE (HEX) SLAVE ADDRESS SLAVE ADDRESS FUNCTION CODE FUNCTION CODE CRC - low order byte ERROR CODE CRC - high order byte CRC - low order byte CRC - high order byte GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System...
Page 552: File Transfers
Cleared Date to the present date and time. To read binary COMTRADE oscillography files, read the following filenames: OSCnnnn.CFG and OSCnnn.DAT Replace “nnn” with the desired oscillography trigger number. For ASCII format, use the following file names OSCAnnnn.CFG and OSCAnnn.DAT L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 553: Modbus Password Operation
When entering a settings or command password via EnerVista or any serial interface, the user must enter the correspond- ing connection password. If the connection is to the back of the L90, the remote password must be used. If the connection is to the RS232 port of the faceplate, the local password must be used.
Page 554 Command or setting password security access is restricted to the particular port or particular TCP/IP connection on which the entry was made. Passwords must be entered when accessing the relay through other ports or connections, and the passwords must be re-entered after disconnecting and re-connecting on TCP/IP. L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 555: Memory Mapping
0419 Virtual Input 26 State 0 to 1 F108 0 (Off) 041A Virtual Input 27 State 0 to 1 F108 0 (Off) 041B Virtual Input 28 State 0 to 1 F108 0 (Off) GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System...
Page 556 0838 ...Repeated for Digital Counter 8 FlexStates (Read Only) 0900 FlexState Bits (16 items) 0 to 65535 F001 Element States (Read Only) 1000 Element Operate States (64 items) 0 to 65535 F502 B-10 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 557 0 to 2 F134 2 (n/a) 162B Network Status 0 to 2 F134 1 (OK) 162E Channel 2 Loop Delay 0 to 200 F001 162F Channel PFLL Status 0 to 2 F134 1 (OK) GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System B-11...
Page 558 -359.9 to 0 degrees F002 1A1B Source 1 Phase CA or CB Voltage Magnitude 0 to 999999.999 0.001 F060 1A1D Source 1 Phase CA or CB Voltage Angle -359.9 to 0 degrees F002 B-12 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 559 0 to 1000000000000 varh 0.001 F060 1D06 Source 1 Negative Varhour 0 to 1000000000000 varh 0.001 F060 1D08 Reserved (8 items) F001 1D10 ...Repeated for Source 2 1D20 ...Repeated for Source 3 GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System B-13...
Page 560 Breaker flashover 1 voltage pickup level 0 to 1.5 0.001 F001 21AD Breaker flashover 1 voltage difference pickup level 0 to 100000 F060 1000 21AF Breaker flashover 1 current pickup level 0 to 1.5 0.001 F001 B-14 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 561 Fault 1 Location based on Line length units (km or miles) -3276.7 to 3276.7 F002 2366 ...Repeated for Fault 2 238C ...Repeated for Fault 3 23B2 ...Repeated for Fault 4 23D8 ...Repeated for Fault 5 GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System B-15...
Page 562 0 to 999999.999 0.001 F060 24BD Local IG Angle -359.9 to 0 degrees F002 24BE Terminal 1 IG Magnitude 0 to 999999.999 0.001 F060 24C0 Terminal 1 IG Angle -359.9 to 0 degrees F002 B-16 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 563 IEC 61850 GGIO5 uinteger input 2 operand F612 26B2 IEC 61850 GGIO5 uinteger input 3 operand F612 26B3 IEC 61850 GGIO5 uinteger input 4 operand F612 26B4 IEC 61850 GGIO5 uinteger input 5 operand F612 GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System B-17...
Page 564 Fault Report 3 Time 0 to 4294967295 F050 3036 Fault Report 4 Time 0 to 4294967295 F050 3038 Fault Report 5 Time 0 to 4294967295 F050 303A Fault Report 6 Time 0 to 4294967295 F050 B-18 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 565 °C F002 34F4 RTD Input 5 Value -32768 to 32767 °C F002 34F5 RTD Input 6 Value -32768 to 32767 °C F002 34F6 RTD Input 7 Value -32768 to 32767 °C F002 GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System B-19...
Page 566 Setting password status 0 to 1 F102 0 (Disabled) Passwords (read/write settings) 4012 Control password access timeout 5 to 480 minutes F001 4013 Setting password access timeout 5 to 480 minutes F001 B-20 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 567 DNP energy scale factor 0 to 8 F194 2 (1) 40B2 DNP power scale factor 0 to 8 F194 2 (1) 40B3 DNP other scale factor 0 to 8 F194 2 (1) GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System B-21...
Page 568 0 to 2 F134 0 (Fail) 415A Switch Firmware Version 0.00 to 99.99 0.01 F001 Simple Network Time Protocol (Read/Write Setting) 4168 Simple Network Time Protocol (SNTP) function 0 to 1 F102 0 (Disabled) B-22 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 569 ...Repeated for User-Programmable LED 8 4290 ...Repeated for User-Programmable LED 9 4292 ...Repeated for User-Programmable LED 10 4294 ...Repeated for User-Programmable LED 11 4296 ...Repeated for User-Programmable LED 12 4298 ...Repeated for User-Programmable LED 13 GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System B-23...
Page 570 0 to 1 F123 0 (1 A) 4482 Ground CT 1 Primary 1 to 65000 F001 4483 Ground CT 1 Secondary 0 to 1 F123 0 (1 A) 4484 ...Repeated for CT Bank 2 B-24 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 571 0 to 65535 F300 4709 Breaker 1 phase C closed 0 to 65535 F300 470A Breaker 1 external alarm 0 to 65535 F300 470B Breaker 1 alarm delay 0 to 1000000 0.001 F003 GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System B-25...
Page 572 ...Repeated for User-Definable Display 2 4C40 ...Repeated for User-Definable Display 3 4C60 ...Repeated for User-Definable Display 4 4C80 ...Repeated for User-Definable Display 5 4CA0 ...Repeated for User-Definable Display 6 4CC0 ...Repeated for User-Definable Display 7 B-26 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 573 ...Repeated for RTD Input 8 5498 ...Repeated for RTD Input 9 54AB ...Repeated for RTD Input 10 54BE ...Repeated for RTD Input 11 54D1 ...Repeated for RTD Input 12 54E4 ...Repeated for RTD Input 13 GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System B-27...
Page 574 ...Repeated for FlexLogic™ Timer 10 5850 ...Repeated for FlexLogic™ Timer 11 5858 ...Repeated for FlexLogic™ Timer 12 5860 ...Repeated for FlexLogic™ Timer 13 5868 ...Repeated for FlexLogic™ Timer 14 5870 ...Repeated for FlexLogic™ Timer 15 B-28 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 575 ...Repeated for Phase Instantaneous Overcurrent 4 5A40 ...Repeated for Phase Instantaneous Overcurrent 5 5A50 ...Repeated for Phase Instantaneous Overcurrent 6 5A60 ...Repeated for Phase Instantaneous Overcurrent 7 5A70 ...Repeated for Phase Instantaneous Overcurrent 8 GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System B-29...
Page 576 5D08 Ground Time Overcurrent 1 Target 0 to 2 F109 0 (Self-reset) 5D09 Ground Time Overcurrent 1 Events 0 to 1 F102 0 (Disabled) 5D0A Reserved (6 items) 0 to 1 F001 B-30 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 577 ...Repeated for Ground Instantaneous Overcurrent 9 5E90 ...Repeated for Ground Instantaneous Overcurrent 10 5EA0 ...Repeated for Ground Instantaneous Overcurrent 11 5EB0 ...Repeated for Ground Instantaneous Overcurrent 12 L90 Trip Logic (Read/Write Grouped Setting) 5EE0 87L Trip Function 0 to 1 F102 0 (Disabled) 5EE1...
Page 578 0.000 to 1000000.000 0.001 F060 6074 Wattmetric ground fault 2 operating power 0.000 to 1000000.000 0.001 F060 CT Failure Detector (Read/Write Setting) 6124 CT Fail Function 0 to 1 F102 0 (Disabled) B-32 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 579 Power Swing Detect Middle Limit Angle 40 to 140 degrees F001 65CA Power Swing Detect Inner Limit Angle 40 to 140 degrees F001 65CB Power Swing Detect Delay 1 Pickup 0 to 65.535 0.001 F001 GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System B-33...
Page 580 Trip Reclose Input5 0 to 65535 F300 67F2 Trip Reclose Input6 0 to 65535 F300 67F3 Trip Force 3-Pole 0 to 65535 F300 67F4 Trip Pilot Priority 0 to 65.535 0.001 F001 B-34 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 581 68A7 Autoreclose Block Breaker 2 0 to 65535 F300 68A8 Autoreclose Close Time Breaker 2 0 to 655.35 0.01 F001 68A9 Autoreclose Transfer 1 to 2 0 to 1 F126 0 (No) GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System B-35...
Page 582 Phase Distance Zone 1 RCA 30 to 90 degrees F001 707B Phase Distance Zone 1 DIR RCA 30 to 90 degrees F001 707C Phase Distance Zone 1 DIR Comp Limit 30 to 90 degrees F001 B-36 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 583 0 to 1 F231 0 (Calculated V0) 728C Neutral Directional Overcurrent 1 Op Current 0 to 1 F196 0 (Calculated 3I0) 728D Neutral Directional Overcurrent 1 Offset 0 to 250 ohms 0.01 F001 GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System B-37...
Page 584 ...Repeated for dcmA Inputs 8 73C0 ...Repeated for dcmA Inputs 9 73D8 ...Repeated for dcmA Inputs 10 73F0 ...Repeated for dcmA Inputs 11 7408 ...Repeated for dcmA Inputs 12 7420 ...Repeated for dcmA Inputs 13 B-38 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 585 User Programmable Pushbutton 1 Events 0 to 1 F102 0 (Disabled) 7B82 User Programmable Pushbutton 1 LED Operand 0 to 65535 F300 7B83 User Programmable Pushbutton 1 Autoreset Delay 0 to 600 0.05 F001 GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System B-39...
Page 586 Auxiliary Undervoltage 1 Delay 0 to 600 0.01 F001 7F64 Auxiliary Undervoltage 1 Curve 0 to 1 F111 0 (Definite Time) 7F65 Auxiliary Undervoltage 1 Minimum Voltage 0 to 3 0.001 F001 B-40 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 587 F102 0 (Disabled) 8A01 Digital Element 1 Name F203 “Dig Element 1“ 8A09 Digital Element 1 Input 0 to 65535 F300 8A0A Digital Element 1 Pickup Delay 0 to 999999.999 0.001 F003 GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System B-41...
Page 588 ...Repeated for Digital Element 43 8D5C ...Repeated for Digital Element 44 8D70 ...Repeated for Digital Element 45 8D84 ...Repeated for Digital Element 46 8D98 ...Repeated for Digital Element 47 8DAC ...Repeated for Digital Element 48 B-42 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 589 0 (Disabled) 9014 ...Repeated for FlexElement™ 2 9028 ...Repeated for FlexElement™ 3 903C ...Repeated for FlexElement™ 4 9050 ...Repeated for FlexElement™ 5 9064 ...Repeated for FlexElement™ 6 9078 ...Repeated for FlexElement™ 7 GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System B-43...
Page 590 ...Repeated for dcmA Output 19 9372 ...Repeated for dcmA Output 20 9378 ...Repeated for dcmA Output 21 937E ...Repeated for dcmA Output 22 9384 ...Repeated for dcmA Output 23 938A ...Repeated for dcmA Output 24 B-44 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 591 Selector switch 2 position 1 to 7 F001 Selector switch settings (read/write, 2 modules) A280 Selector 1 Function 0 to 1 F102 0 (Disabled) A281 Selector 1 Range 1 to 7 F001 GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System B-45...
Page 592 Digital Counter 1 Down 0 to 65535 F300 A80D Digital Counter 1 Preset –2147483647 to F004 2147483647 A80F Digital Counter 1 Compare –2147483647 to F004 2147483647 A811 Digital Counter 1 Reset 0 to 65535 F300 B-46 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 593 0 to 65534 F206 (none) ACFE IEC 61850 logical node RPSBx name prefix 0 to 65534 F206 (none) AD01 IEC 61850 logical node RRECx name prefix (6 items) 0 to 65534 F206 (none) GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System B-47...
Page 594 ...Repeated for IEC 61850 GGIO4 analog input 9 AF4F ...Repeated for IEC 61850 GGIO4 analog input 10 AF56 ...Repeated for IEC 61850 GGIO4 analog input 11 AF5D ...Repeated for IEC 61850 GGIO4 analog input 12 B-48 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 595 TCP Port Number for the IEC 61850 / MMS Protocol 1 to 65535 F001 B06D IEC 61850 Logical Device Name F213 “IECName” B07D IEC 61850 Logical Device Instance F213 “LDInst” B08D IEC 61850 LPHD Location F204 “Location” GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System B-49...
Page 596 ...Repeated for Report 7 B391 ...Repeated for Report 8 B3B8 ...Repeated for Report 9 B3DF ...Repeated for Report 10 B406 ...Repeated for Report 11 B42D ...Repeated for Report 12 B454 ...Repeated for Report 13 B-50 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 597 ...Repeated for Contact Input 13 BB68 ...Repeated for Contact Input 14 BB70 ...Repeated for Contact Input 15 BB78 ...Repeated for Contact Input 16 BB80 ...Repeated for Contact Input 17 BB88 ...Repeated for Contact Input 18 GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System B-51...
Page 598 ...Repeated for Contact Input 67 BD18 ...Repeated for Contact Input 68 BD20 ...Repeated for Contact Input 69 BD28 ...Repeated for Contact Input 70 BD30 ...Repeated for Contact Input 71 BD38 ...Repeated for Contact Input 72 B-52 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 599 ...Repeated for Virtual Input 18 BF08 ...Repeated for Virtual Input 19 BF14 ...Repeated for Virtual Input 20 BF20 ...Repeated for Virtual Input 21 BF2C ...Repeated for Virtual Input 22 BF38 ...Repeated for Virtual Input 23 GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System B-53...
Page 600 ...Repeated for Virtual Output 5 C158 ...Repeated for Virtual Output 6 C160 ...Repeated for Virtual Output 7 C168 ...Repeated for Virtual Output 8 C170 ...Repeated for Virtual Output 9 C178 ...Repeated for Virtual Output 10 B-54 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 601 ...Repeated for Virtual Output 59 C308 ...Repeated for Virtual Output 60 C310 ...Repeated for Virtual Output 61 C318 ...Repeated for Virtual Output 62 C320 ...Repeated for Virtual Output 63 C328 ...Repeated for Virtual Output 64 GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System B-55...
Page 602 ...Repeated for Contact Output 2 C458 ...Repeated for Contact Output 3 C464 ...Repeated for Contact Output 4 C470 ...Repeated for Contact Output 5 C47C ...Repeated for Contact Output 6 C488 ...Repeated for Contact Output 7 B-56 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 603 ...Repeated for Contact Output 56 C6E0 ...Repeated for Contact Output 57 C6EC ...Repeated for Contact Output 58 C6F8 ...Repeated for Contact Output 59 C704 ...Repeated for Contact Output 60 C710 ...Repeated for Contact Output 61 GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System B-57...
Page 604 ...Repeated for Device 2 CB48 ...Repeated for Device 3 CB6C ...Repeated for Device 4 CB90 ...Repeated for Device 5 CBB4 ...Repeated for Device 6 CBD8 ...Repeated for Device 7 CBFC ...Repeated for Device 8 B-58 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 605 0 to 1 F001 D224 ...Repeated for Remote Output 2 D228 ...Repeated for Remote Output 3 D22C ...Repeated for Remote Output 4 D230 ...Repeated for Remote Output 5 D234 ...Repeated for Remote Output 6 GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System B-59...
Page 606 ...Repeated for Remote Output 20 D2F0 ...Repeated for Remote Output 21 D2F4 ...Repeated for Remote Output 22 D2F8 ...Repeated for Remote Output 23 D2FC ...Repeated for Remote Output 24 D300 ...Repeated for Remote Output 25 B-60 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 607 IEC 61850 GGIO2.CF.SPCSO43.ctlModel Value 0 to 2 F001 D34B IEC 61850 GGIO2.CF.SPCSO44.ctlModel Value 0 to 2 F001 D34C IEC 61850 GGIO2.CF.SPCSO45.ctlModel Value 0 to 2 F001 D34D IEC 61850 GGIO2.CF.SPCSO46.ctlModel Value 0 to 2 F001 GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System B-61...
Page 608 Phasor Measurement Unit Communication (Read/Write Setting) D400 PMU 1 Communication Port 1 Type 0 to 3 F545 0 (Network) D401 PMU 1 Communication Port 2 Type 0 to 3 F545 0 (Network) B-62 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 609 PMU 1 IDcode 1 to 65534 F001 EA5A PMU 1 STN F203 “GE-UR-PMU” EA62 PMU 1 Source 0 to 5 F167 0 (SRC 1) EA63 PMU 1 Post-Filter 0 to 3 F540 1 (Symm-3-point) GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System B-63...
Page 610 PMU 1 Voltage Trigger Low Voltage 0.25 to 1.25 0.001 F001 EB56 PMU 1 Voltage Trigger High Voltage 0.75 to 1.75 0.001 F001 1200 EB57 PMU 1 Voltage Trigger Pickup Time 0 to 600 0.01 F001 B-64 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 611 Last settings change date 0 to 4294967295 F050 ED09 Template bitmask (750 items) 0 to 65535 F001 Phasor Measurement Unit Records (Read Only) EFFF PMU Recording Number of Triggers 0 to 65535 samples F001 GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System B-65...
Page 612: Data Formats
12.35 kA. F081 F013 ENUMERATION: AUTORECLOSE 1P/3P BKR FAIL OPTION POWER_FACTOR (SIGNED 16 BIT INTEGER) 0 = Continue, 1 = Lockout Positive values indicate lagging power factor; negative values indicate leading. B-66 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 613 ENUMERATION: CONTACT OUTPUT LED CONTROL ENUMERATION: DISABLED/ENABLED 0 = Trip, 1 = Alarm, 2 = None 0 = Disabled; 1 = Enabled F111 ENUMERATION: UNDERVOLTAGE CURVE SHAPES 0 = Definite Time, 1 = Inverse Time GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System B-67...
Page 614 ENUMERATION: DISTANCE SHAPE 0 = Mho, 1 = Quad F122 ENUMERATION: ELEMENT INPUT SIGNAL TYPE 0 = Phasor, 1 = RMS F123 ENUMERATION: CT SECONDARY 0 = 1 A, 1 = 5 A B-68 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 615 Ground Instantaneous Overcurrent 3 Stub Bus Ground Instantaneous Overcurrent 4 Breaker Failure 1 Ground Instantaneous Overcurrent 5 Breaker Failure 2 Ground Instantaneous Overcurrent 6 Breaker Failure 3 Ground Instantaneous Overcurrent 7 Breaker Failure 4 GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System B-69...
Page 616 Non-volatile Latch 16 Digital Element 45 Digital Counter 1 Digital Element 46 Digital Counter 2 Digital Element 47 Digital Counter 3 Digital Element 48 Digital Counter 4 Phasor Measurement Unit 1 Frequency B-70 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 617 0 = Restricted; 1 = Command, 2 = Setting, 3 = Factory Service RTD Input 37 RTD Input 38 RTD Input 39 F126 ENUMERATION: NO/YES CHOICE RTD Input 40 RTD Input 41 0 = No, 1 = Yes GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System B-71...
Page 618 Remote Device Offline F137 Direct Device Offline ENUMERATION: USER-PROGRAMMABLE PUSHBUTTON Direct Input/Output Ring Break FUNCTION Any Minor Error 0 = Disabled, 1 = Self-Reset, 2 = Latched Any Major Error Unit Not Calibrated B-72 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 619 ENUMERATION: ALPHABET LETTER System Integrity Recovery System Integrity Recovery 06 bitmask type bitmask type bitmask type bitmask type System Integrity Recovery 07 null F147 ENUMERATION: LINE LENGTH UNITS 0 = km, 1 = miles GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System B-73...
Page 620 0 = Forward, 1 = Reverse, 2 = Non-Directional ENUMERATION: SCHEME CALIBRATION TEST 0 = Normal, 1 = Symmetry 1, 2 = Symmetry 2, 3 = Delay 1 4 = Delay 2 B-74 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 621 0 to 1 mA ENUMERATION: ODD/EVEN/NONE –1 to 1 mA 0 = ODD, 1 = EVEN, 2 = NONE 0 to 5 mA 0 to 10 mA 0 to 20 mA 4 to 20 mA GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System B-75...
Page 622 User-programmable key 8 F203 Decimal Point User-programmable key 9 TEXT16: 16-CHARACTER ASCII TEXT Plus/Minus User-programmable key 10 Value Up User-programmable key 11 F204 Value Down User-programmable key 12 TEXT80: 80-CHARACTER ASCII TEXT B-76 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 623 0 = Unknown, 1 = Relay In Service, 2 = Relay Out Of Service MMXU1.MX.VAr.phsC.cVal.mag.f MMXU1.MX.VA.phsA.cVal.mag.f MMXU1.MX.VA.phsB.cVal.mag.f F230 MMXU1.MX.VA.phsC.cVal.mag.f ENUMERATION: DIRECTIONAL POLARIZING MMXU1.MX.PF.phsA.cVal.mag.f 0 = Voltage, 1 = Current, 2 = Dual MMXU1.MX.PF.phsB.cVal.mag.f GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System B-77...
Page 624 MMXU2.MX.PF.phsC.cVal.mag.f MMXU4.MX.PhV.phsC.cVal.mag.f MMXU3.MX.TotW.mag.f MMXU4.MX.PhV.phsC.cVal.ang.f MMXU3.MX.TotVAr.mag.f MMXU4.MX.A.phsA.cVal.mag.f MMXU3.MX.TotVA.mag.f MMXU4.MX.A.phsA.cVal.ang.f MMXU3.MX.TotPF.mag.f MMXU4.MX.A.phsB.cVal.mag.f MMXU3.MX.Hz.mag.f MMXU4.MX.A.phsB.cVal.ang.f MMXU3.MX.PPV.phsAB.cVal.mag.f MMXU4.MX.A.phsC.cVal.mag.f MMXU3.MX.PPV.phsAB.cVal.ang.f MMXU4.MX.A.phsC.cVal.ang.f MMXU3.MX.PPV.phsBC.cVal.mag.f MMXU4.MX.A.neut.cVal.mag.f MMXU3.MX.PPV.phsBC.cVal.ang.f MMXU4.MX.A.neut.cVal.ang.f MMXU3.MX.PPV.phsCA.cVal.mag.f MMXU4.MX.W.phsA.cVal.mag.f MMXU3.MX.PPV.phsCA.cVal.ang.f MMXU4.MX.W.phsB.cVal.mag.f MMXU3.MX.PhV.phsA.cVal.mag.f MMXU4.MX.W.phsC.cVal.mag.f MMXU3.MX.PhV.phsA.cVal.ang.f MMXU4.MX.VAr.phsA.cVal.mag.f MMXU3.MX.PhV.phsB.cVal.mag.f MMXU4.MX.VAr.phsB.cVal.mag.f MMXU3.MX.PhV.phsB.cVal.ang.f MMXU4.MX.VAr.phsC.cVal.mag.f B-78 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 625 MMXU5.MX.VA.phsA.cVal.mag.f GGIO4.MX.AnIn11.mag.f MMXU5.MX.VA.phsB.cVal.mag.f GGIO4.MX.AnIn12.mag.f MMXU5.MX.VA.phsC.cVal.mag.f GGIO4.MX.AnIn13.mag.f MMXU5.MX.PF.phsA.cVal.mag.f GGIO4.MX.AnIn14.mag.f MMXU5.MX.PF.phsB.cVal.mag.f GGIO4.MX.AnIn15.mag.f MMXU5.MX.PF.phsC.cVal.mag.f GGIO4.MX.AnIn16.mag.f MMXU6.MX.TotW.mag.f GGIO4.MX.AnIn17.mag.f MMXU6.MX.TotVAr.mag.f GGIO4.MX.AnIn18.mag.f MMXU6.MX.TotVA.mag.f GGIO4.MX.AnIn19.mag.f MMXU6.MX.TotPF.mag.f GGIO4.MX.AnIn20.mag.f MMXU6.MX.Hz.mag.f GGIO4.MX.AnIn21.mag.f MMXU6.MX.PPV.phsAB.cVal.mag.f GGIO4.MX.AnIn22.mag.f MMXU6.MX.PPV.phsAB.cVal.ang.f GGIO4.MX.AnIn23.mag.f MMXU6.MX.PPV.phsBC.cVal.mag.f GGIO4.MX.AnIn24.mag.f MMXU6.MX.PPV.phsBC.cVal.ang.f GGIO4.MX.AnIn25.mag.f MMXU6.MX.PPV.phsCA.cVal.mag.f GGIO4.MX.AnIn26.mag.f GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System B-79...
Page 626 ENUMERATION: CONFIGURABLE GOOSE DATASET ITEMS GGIO3.ST.UIntIn3.stVal FOR RECEPTION GGIO3.ST.UIntIn4.q value GOOSE dataset item GGIO3.ST.UIntIn4.stVal None GGIO3.ST.UIntIn5.q GGIO3.ST.Ind1.q GGIO3.ST.UIntIn5.stVal GGIO3.ST.Ind1.stVal GGIO3.ST.UIntIn6.q GGIO3.ST.Ind2.q GGIO3.ST.UIntIn6.stVal GGIO3.ST.Ind2.stVal GGIO3.ST.UIntIn7.q ↓ ↓ GGIO3.ST.UIntIn7.stVal GGIO1.ST.Ind64q GGIO3.ST.UIntIn8.q GGIO1.ST.Ind64.stVal GGIO3.ST.UIntIn8.stVal GGIO3.MX.AnIn1.mag.f GGIO3.ST.UIntIn9.q B-80 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 627 [0] Off(0) – this is boolean FALSE value [0] On (1) – this is boolean TRUE value value [2] CONTACT INPUTS (1 to 96) Sunday [3] CONTACT INPUTS OFF (1 to 96) GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System B-81...
Page 628 LED and bit 7 the bottom LED. A bit value of 1 indicates BITFIELD: SIMPLE ELEMENT STATE the LED is on, 0 indicates the LED is off. 0 = Operate B-82 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 629 F525 F516 ENUMERATION: DNP OBJECT 32 DEFAULT VARIATION ENUMERATION ELEMENT COMPARE MODE 0 = Level, 1 = Delta bitmask default variation F517 ENUMERATION: ELEMENT DIRECTION OPERATION 0 = Over, 1 = Under GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System B-83...
Page 630 ENUMERATION: PMU PHASORS value phasor value phasor F606 ENUMERATION: REMOTE DOUBLE-POINT STATUS INPUT Enumeration Remote double-point status input None Remote input 1 Remote input 2 Remote input 3 ↓ ↓ Remote input 64 B-84 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 631 Pole Curr OR Custom UR_UINT16: FLEXINTEGER PARAMETER CBaux OR Custom This 16-bit value corresponds to the Modbus address of the Custom selected FlexInteger paramter. Only certain values may be used as FlexIntegers. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System B-85...
Page 632 B.4 MEMORY MAPPING APPENDIX B B-86 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 633: Iec 61850
The L90 relay supports IEC 61850 server services over both TCP/IP and TP4/CLNP (OSI) communication protocol stacks. The TP4/CLNP profile requires the L90 to have a network address or Network Service Access Point (NSAP) to establish a communication link. The TCP/IP profile requires the L90 to have an IP address to establish communications. These addresses are located in the menu.
Page 634: Server Data Organization
C.2.2 GGIO1: DIGITAL STATUS VALUES The GGIO1 logical node is available in the L90 to provide access to as many 128 digital status points and associated time- stamps and quality flags. The data content must be configured before the data can be used. GGIO1 provides digital status points for access by clients.
Page 635: Mmxu: Analog Measured Values
A limited number of measured analog values are available through the MMXU logical nodes. Each MMXU logical node provides data from a L90 current and voltage source. There is one MMXU available for each con- figurable source (programmed in the menu).
Page 636 The protection elements listed above contain start (pickup) and operate flags. For example, the start flag for PIOC1 is PIOC1.ST.Str.general. The operate flag for PIOC1 is PIOC1.ST.Op.general. For the L90 protection elements, these flags take their values from the pickup and operate FlexLogic™ operands for the corresponding element.
Page 637: Server Features And Configuration
C.3.4 LOGICAL DEVICE NAME The logical device name is used to identify the IEC 61850 logical device that exists within the L90. This name is composed of two parts: the IED name setting and the logical device instance. The complete logical device name is the combination of settings.
Page 638: Logical Node Name Prefixes
A built-in TCP/IP connection timeout of two minutes is employed by the L90 to detect ‘dead’ connections. If there is no data traffic on a TCP connection for greater than two minutes, the connection will be aborted by the L90. This frees up the con- nection to be used by other clients.
Page 639: Generic Substation Event Services: Gsse And Goose
MAC address for GSSE messages. If GSSE DESTINATION MAC ADDRESS a valid multicast Ethernet MAC address is not entered (for example, 00 00 00 00 00 00), the L90 will use the source Ether- net MAC address as the destination, with the multicast bit set.
Page 640 The L90 has the ability of detecting if a data item in one of the GOOSE datasets is erroneously oscillating. This can be caused by events such as errors in logic programming, inputs improperly being asserted and de-asserted, or failed station components.
Page 641: Ethernet Mac Address For Gsse/Goose
REMOTE IN 1 ITEM item to remote input 1. Remote input 1 can now be used in FlexLogic™ equations or other settings. The L90 must be rebooted (control power removed and re-applied) before these settings take effect. The value of remote input 1 (Boolean on or off) in the receiving device will be determined by the GGIO1.ST.Ind1.stVal value in the sending device.
Page 642: Gsse Id And Goose Id Settings
GSSE and GOOSE messages must have multicast destination MAC addresses. By default, the L90 is configured to use an automated multicast MAC scheme. If the L90 destination MAC address setting is not a valid multicast address (that is, the least significant bit of the first byte is not set), the address used as the destina- tion MAC will be the same as the local MAC address, but with the multicast bit set.
Page 643: Overview
An ICD file is generated for the L90 by the EnerVista UR Setup software that describe the capabilities of the IED. The ICD file is then imported into a system configurator along with other ICD files for other IEDs (from GE or other ven- dors) for system configuration.
Page 644: Configuring Iec 61850 Settings
Transmission GOOSE dataset may be added or deleted, or prefixes of some logical nodes may be changed. While all new configurations will be mapped to the L90 settings file when importing an SCD file, all unchanged settings will preserve the same values in the new settings file.
Page 645: About Icd Files
Although configurable transmission GOOSE can also be created and altered by some third-party system con- figurators, we recommend configuring transmission GOOSE for GE Multilin IEDs before creating the ICD, and strictly within EnerVista UR Setup software or the front panel display (access through the Settings > Product Setup > Com- munications >...
Page 646 Furthermore, it defines the capabilities of an IED in terms of communication services offered and, together with its LNType, instantiated data (DO) and its default or configuration values. There should be only one IED section in an ICD since it only describes one IED. C-14 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 647 Other ReportControl elements DOI (name) SDI (name) DAI (name) Text Other DOI elements SDI (name) DAI (name) Text Other LN elements Other LDevice elements 842797A1.CDR Figure 0–4: ICD FILE STRUCTURE, IED NODE GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System C-15...
Page 648 BDA (name, bType, type) Other BDA elements Other BDA elements Other DAType elements Other DAType elements EnumType (id) Text EnumVal (ord) Other EnumVal elements Other EnumType elements 842798A1.CDR Figure 0–5: ICD FILE STRUCTURE, DATATYPETEMPLATES NODE C-16 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 649: Creating An Icd File With Enervista Ur Setup
The EnerVista UR Setup will prompt to save the file. Select the file path and enter the name for the ICD file, then click OK to generate the file. The time to create an ICD file from the offline L90 settings file is typically much quicker than create an ICD file directly from the relay.
Page 650 Like ICD files, the Header node identifies the SCD file and its version, and specifies options for the mapping of names to signals. The Substation node describes the substation parameters: Substation PowerSystemResource EquipmentContainer Power Transformer GeneralEquipment EquipmentContainer VoltageLevel Voltage PowerSystemResource Function SubFunction GeneralEquipment 842792A1.CDR Figure 0–7: SCD FILE STRUCTURE, SUBSTATION NODE C-18 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 651 IdInst is the instance identification of the logical device within the IED on which the control block is located, and cbName is the name of the control block. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System C-19...
Page 652: Importing An Scd File With Enervista Ur Setup
Figure 0–9: SCD FILE STRUCTURE, IED NODE C.5.6 IMPORTING AN SCD FILE WITH ENERVISTA UR SETUP The following procedure describes how to update the L90 with the new configuration from an SCD file with the EnerVista UR Setup software. Right-click anywhere in the files panel and select the Import Contents From SCD File item.
Page 653 The software will open the SCD file and then prompt the user to save a UR-series settings file. Select a location and name for the URS (UR-series relay settings) file. If there is more than one GE Multilin IED defined in the SCD file, the software prompt the user to save a UR-series set- tings file for each IED.
Page 654: Acsi Conformance
REPORTING Buffered report control M7-1 sequence-number M7-2 report-time-stamp M7-3 reason-for-inclusion M7-4 data-set-name M7-5 data-reference M7-6 buffer-overflow M7-7 entryID M7-8 BufTm M7-9 IntgPd M7-10 Unbuffered report control M8-1 sequence-number M8-2 report-time-stamp M8-3 reason-for-inclusion C-22 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 655: Acsi Services Conformance Statement
UR FAMILY PUBLISHER SERVER (CLAUSE 6) ServerDirectory APPLICATION ASSOCIATION (CLAUSE 7) Associate Abort Release LOGICAL DEVICE (CLAUSE 8) LogicalDeviceDirectory LOGICAL NODE (CLAUSE 9) LogicalNodeDirectory GetAllDataValues DATA (CLAUSE 10) GetDataValues SetDataValues GetDataDirectory GetDataDefinition GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System C-23...
Page 656 S27-3 data-update (dupd) GetURCBValues SetURCBValues LOGGING (CLAUSE 14) LOG CONTROL BLOCK GetLCBValues SetLCBValues QueryLogByTime QueryLogByEntry GetLogStatusValues GENERIC SUBSTATION EVENT MODEL (GSE) (CLAUSE 14.3.5.3.4) GOOSE-CONTROL-BLOCK SendGOOSEMessage GetReference GetGOOSEElementNumber GetGoCBValues SetGoCBValues GSSE-CONTROL-BLOCK SendGSSEMessage GetReference C-24 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 657 NOTE c8: shall declare support for at least one (SendGOOSEMessage or SendGSSEMessage) c9: shall declare support if TP association is available c10: shall declare support for at least one (SendMSVMessage or SendUSVMessage) GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System C-25...
Page 658: Logical Nodes
RDRE: Disturbance recorder function RADR: Disturbance recorder channel analogue RBDR: Disturbance recorder channel binary RDRS: Disturbance record handling RBRF: Breaker failure RDIR: Directional element RFLO: Fault locator RPSB: Power swing detection/blocking RREC: Autoreclosing C-26 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 659 T: LOGICAL NODES FOR INSTRUMENT TRANSFORMERS TCTR: Current transformer TVTR: Voltage transformer Y: LOGICAL NODES FOR POWER TRANSFORMERS YEFN: Earth fault neutralizer (Peterson coil) YLTC: Tap changer YPSH: Power shunt YPTR: Power transformer GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System C-27...
Page 660 ZCON: Converter ZGEN: Generator ZGIL: Gas insulated line ZLIN: Power overhead line ZMOT: Motor ZREA: Reactor ZRRC: Rotating reactive component ZSAR: Surge arrestor ZTCF: Thyristor controlled frequency converter ZTRC: Thyristor controlled reactive component C-28 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 661: Iec 60870-5-104
Address Field of the Link: Balanced Transmision Not Present (Balanced Transmission Only) Unbalanced Transmission One Octet Two Octets Structured Unstructured Frame Length (maximum length, number of octets): Not selectable in companion IEC 60870-5-104 standard GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System...
Page 662 <18> := Packed start events of protection equipment with time tag M_EP_TB_1 <19> := Packed output circuit information of protection equipment with time tag M_EP_TC_1 <20> := Packed single-point information with status change detection M_SP_NA_1 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 663 <103> := Clock synchronization command (see Clause 7.6 in standard) C_CS_NA_1 <104> := Test command C_TS_NA_1 <105> := Reset process command C_RP_NA_1 <106> := Delay acquisition command C_CD_NA_1 <107> := Test command with time tag CP56Time2a C_TS_TA_1 GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System...
Page 664 •Blank boxes indicate functions or ASDU not used. •‘X’ if only used in the standard direction TYPE IDENTIFICATION CAUSE OF TRANSMISSION MNEMONIC <1> M_SP_NA_1 <2> M_SP_TA_1 <3> M_DP_NA_1 <4> M_DP_TA_1 <5> M_ST_NA_1 <6> M_ST_TA_1 <7> M_BO_NA_1 <8> M_BO_TA_1 <9> M_ME_NA_1 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 665 M_ME_TD_1 <35> M_ME_TE_1 <36> M_ME_TF_1 <37> M_IT_TB_1 <38> M_EP_TD_1 <39> M_EP_TE_1 <40> M_EP_TF_1 <45> C_SC_NA_1 <46> C_DC_NA_1 <47> C_RC_NA_1 <48> C_SE_NA_1 <49> C_SE_NB_1 <50> C_SE_NC_1 <51> C_BO_NA_1 <58> C_SC_TA_1 <59> C_DC_TA_1 <60> C_RC_TA_1 GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System...
Page 666 <113> P_AC_NA_1 <120> F_FR_NA_1 <121> F_SR_NA_1 <122> F_SC_NA_1 <123> F_LS_NA_1 <124> F_AF_NA_1 <125> F_SG_NA_1 <126> F_DR_TA_1*) BASIC APPLICATION FUNCTIONS Station Initialization: Remote initialization Cyclic Data Transmission: Cyclic data transmission Read Procedure: Read procedure L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 667 Mode A: Local freeze with spontaneous transmission Mode B: Local freeze with counter interrogation Mode C: Freeze and transmit by counter-interrogation commands Mode D: Freeze by counter-interrogation command, frozen values reported simultaneously Counter read Counter freeze without reset GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System...
Page 668 Maximum number of outstanding I-format APDUs k and latest acknowledge APDUs (w): PARAMETER DEFAULT REMARKS SELECTED VALUE VALUE 12 APDUs Maximum difference receive sequence number to send state variable 12 APDUs 8 APDUs 8 APDUs Latest acknowledge after receiving I-format APDUs L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 669: Point List
D.1.2 POINT LIST The IEC 60870-5-104 data points are configured through the SETTINGS PRODUCT SETUP COMMUNICATIONS DNP / menu. Refer to the Communications section of Chapter 5 for additional details. IEC104 POINT LISTS GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System...
Page 670 D.1 IEC 60870-5-104 APPENDIX D D-10 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 671: Dnp Communications
Transmitted: 292 Transmitted: configurable up to 2048 Received: Received: 2048 Maximum Data Link Re-tries: Maximum Application Layer Re-tries: None None Fixed at 3 Configurable Configurable Requires Data Link Layer Confirmation: Never Always Sometimes Configurable GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System...
Page 672 FlexLogic™. The On/Off times and Count value are ignored. “Pulse Off” and “Latch Off” operations put the appropriate Virtual Input into the “Off” state. “Trip” and “Close” operations both put the appropriate Virtual Input into the “On” state. L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 673 Configurable (attach explanation) Configurable (attach explanation) Default Object: 16 Bits (Counter 8) Default Variation: 1 32 Bits (Counters 0 to 7, 9) Point-by-point list attached Other Value: _____ Point-by-point list attached Sends Multi-Fragment Responses: GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System...
Page 674: E.1.2 Implementation Table
Otherwise, static object requests sent with qualifiers 00, 01, 06, 07, or 08, will be responded with qualifiers 00 or 01 (for change- event objects, qualifiers 17 or 28 are always responded.) Note 3: Cold restarts are implemented the same as warm restarts – the L90 is not restarted, but the DNP process is restarted. L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 675 Otherwise, static object requests sent with qualifiers 00, 01, 06, 07, or 08, will be responded with qualifiers 00 or 01 (for change- event objects, qualifiers 17 or 28 are always responded.) Note 3: Cold restarts are implemented the same as warm restarts – the L90 is not restarted, but the DNP process is restarted. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System...
Page 676 Otherwise, static object requests sent with qualifiers 00, 01, 06, 07, or 08, will be responded with qualifiers 00 or 01 (for change- event objects, qualifiers 17 or 28 are always responded.) Note 3: Cold restarts are implemented the same as warm restarts – the L90 is not restarted, but the DNP process is restarted. L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 677 Otherwise, static object requests sent with qualifiers 00, 01, 06, 07, or 08, will be responded with qualifiers 00 or 01 (for change- event objects, qualifiers 17 or 28 are always responded.) Note 3: Cold restarts are implemented the same as warm restarts – the L90 is not restarted, but the DNP process is restarted. GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System...
Page 678: Dnp Point Lists
Change Event Variation reported when variation 0 requested: 2 (Binary Input Change with Time), Configurable Change Event Scan Rate: 8 times per power system cycle Change Event Buffer Size: 500 Default Class for All Points: 1 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 679: Binary And Control Relay Output
Virtual Input 59 Virtual Input 28 Virtual Input 60 Virtual Input 29 Virtual Input 61 Virtual Input 30 Virtual Input 62 Virtual Input 31 Virtual Input 63 Virtual Input 32 Virtual Input 64 GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System...
Page 680: Counters
Events Since Last Clear A counter freeze command has no meaning for counters 8 and 9. L90 Digital Counter values are represented as 32-bit inte- gers. The DNP 3.0 protocol defines counters to be unsigned integers. Care should be taken when interpreting negative counter values.
Page 681: Analog Inputs
Change Event Variation reported when variation 0 requested: 1 (Analog Change Event without Time) Change Event Scan Rate: defaults to 500 ms Change Event Buffer Size: 256 Default Class for all Points: 2 GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System E-11...
Page 682 E.2 DNP POINT LISTS APPENDIX E E-12 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 683: Change Notes
31 March 2006 URX-217 1601-0081-N2 5.0x 26 May 2006 URX-220 1601-0081-P1 5.2x 23 October 2006 URX-230 1601-0081-P2 5.2x 24 January 2007 URX-232 1601-0081-R1 5.4x 26 June 2007 URX-242 1601-0081-R2 5.4x 31 August 2007 URX-246 GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System...
Page 684: Changes To The L90 Manual
1601-0081-T1 5.6x 27 June 2008 08-0390 1601-0081-U1 5.7x 29 May 2009 09-0938 F.1.2 CHANGES TO THE L90 MANUAL Table F–2: MAJOR UPDATES FOR L90 MANUAL REVISION U1 (Sheet 1 of 2) PAGE PAGE CHANGE DESCRIPTION (T1) (U1) Title Title Update...
Page 685 APPENDIX F F.1 CHANGE NOTES Table F–2: MAJOR UPDATES FOR L90 MANUAL REVISION U1 (Sheet 2 of 2) PAGE PAGE CHANGE DESCRIPTION (T1) (U1) Added IEC 61850 GOOSE INTEGERS section 6-12 6-13 Update Updated DIFFERENTIAL CURRENT section 6-22 6-23 Update...
Page 686 Update Manual part number to 1601-0081-R3 Added EXTENDED ENERVISTA UR SETUP FEATURES section 6-24 6-24 Update Updated MODEL INFORMATION section Table F–8: MAJOR UPDATES FOR L90 MANUAL REVISION R2 (Sheet 1 of 2) PAGE PAGE CHANGE DESCRIPTION (R1) (R2) Title...
Page 687 APPENDIX F F.1 CHANGE NOTES Table F–8: MAJOR UPDATES FOR L90 MANUAL REVISION R2 (Sheet 2 of 2) PAGE PAGE CHANGE DESCRIPTION (R1) (R2) 8-23 Added MULTI-ENDED FAULT LOCATOR section Table F–9: MAJOR UPDATES FOR L90 MANUAL REVISION R1 PAGE...
Page 688: Abbreviations
MVA ....MegaVolt-Ampere (total 3-phase) FDH....Fault Detector high-set MVA_A ... MegaVolt-Ampere (phase A) FDL ....Fault Detector low-set MVA_B ... MegaVolt-Ampere (phase B) FLA....Full Load Current MVA_C... MegaVolt-Ampere (phase C) FO ....Fiber Optic L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 689 WRT....With Respect To RST ....Reset RSTR ..... Restrained RTD....Resistance Temperature Detector X .....Reactance RTU....Remote Terminal Unit XDUCER..Transducer RX (Rx) ..Receive, Receiver XFMR....Transformer s ..... second Z......Impedance, Zone S..... Sensitive GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System...
Page 690: Warranty
24 months from date of shipment from factory. In the event of a failure covered by warranty, GE Multilin will undertake to repair or replace the relay providing the warrantor determined that it is defective and it is returned with all transportation charges prepaid to an authorized service centre or the factory.
Page 691 Modbus registers ..........B-16, B-35 C37.94SM COMMUNICATIONS ........3-38 sequence ..............5-259 CE APPROVALS .............. 2-28 settings ......5-248, 5-251, 5-252, 5-254, 5-255 CHANGES TO L90 MANUAL ..........F-2 specifications ..............2-20 CHANGES TO MANUAL ........F-3, F-4, F-5 AUXILIARY OVERVOLTAGE CHANNEL ASYMMETRY FlexLogic™...
Page 692 FlexLogic™ operands ..........5-102 DCMA INPUTS ..............6-21 logic ................5-238 Modbus registers ..........B-19, B-38 Modbus registers ............B-33 settings ................ 5-274 settings ............... 5-237 specifications ..............2-23 CONTROL ELEMENTS ........... 5-207 DCMA OUTPUTS CONTROL POWER L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 693 FlexLogic™ operands ..........5-106 quick connect ..............1-10 logic ................5-75 settings ................. 5-16 Modbus registers ............B-39 ETHERNET SWITCH settings ................. 5-73 actual values ..............6-9 DISPLAY ............1-16, 4-23, 5-12 configuration ..............3-41 DISTANCE GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System...
Page 694 ..............2-21 FLEXCURVES™ equation ..............5-162 G.703 ............ 3-30, 3-31, 3-32, 3-35 Modbus registers ..........B-26, B-46 GE TYPE IAC CURVES ..........5-161 settings ................. 5-76 GROUND CURRENT METERING ........6-15 specifications ..............2-21 GROUND DIRECTIONAL SUPERVISION ......5-146 table ................5-76 GROUND DISTANCE FLEXELEMENTS™...
Page 695 LOGIC GATES ............... 5-110 virtual ................. 5-262 LOOP FILTER BLOCK DIAGRAM ........9-10 INSPECTION CHECKLIST ..........1-1 LOOPBACK ............2-13, 5-283 INSTALLATION LOST PASSWORD ........5-9, 5-10, 8-2, 8-3 communications ............3-24 LV FAULT ..............10-13 GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System...
Page 696 FlexLogic™ operands ........... 5-104 logic ..............5-244, 5-245 Modbus registers ............B-35 settings ................ 5-242 NAMEPLATE ..............1-1 specifications ..............2-20 OPERATING CONDITION CALCULATIONS .......9-16 NEGATIVE SEQUENCE DIRECTIONAL OC OPERATING TEMPERATURE ...........2-27 Modbus registers ............B-38 L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...
Page 697 ..........10-16 PERMISSIVE OVERREACH TRANSFER TRIP FlexLogic™ operands ........... 5-105 see entry for POTT logic ................5-247 PER-UNIT QUANTITY ............5-4 Modbus registers ............B-45 PFLL STATUS ..............6-7 settings ............5-245, 5-247 GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System...
Page 698 REPLACEMENT MODULES ........ 2-8, 2-9, 2-10 specifications ..............2-20 REQUIREMENTS, HARDWARE ........9-11 POWER SYSTEM RESETTING ............5-108, 5-272 Modbus registers ............B-25 RESTRAINT CHARACTERISTICS ........9-17 settings for L90 .............. 5-64 REVISION HISTORY ............F-1 PREFERENCES RFI SUSCEPTIBILITY ............2-28 Modbus registers ............B-21 RFI, CONDUCTED ............2-28 PROCESS BUS RMS CURRENT ..............2-22...
Page 699 ..... 5-86 resetting ................7-2 phasor measurement unit recording ....... 5-95 UNDERVOLTAGE test values ..............5-283 auxiliary ................. 2-19 SYSTEM FREQUENCY ............ 5-60 phase ..............2-19, 5-197 SYSTEM SETUP .............. 5-59 GE Multilin L90 Line Current Differential System...
Page 700 ..............6-3 commands ............... 7-1 FlexLogic™ operands ..........5-107 logic ................5-262 Modbus registers ........... B-9, B-53 ZERO SEQUENCE CORE BALANCE .........3-13 settings ............... 5-262 ZERO-SEQUENCE CURRENT REMOVAL ......5-66 VIRTUAL OUTPUTS L90 Line Current Differential System GE Multilin...

GE L90 Instruction Manual

Communications

3 Hardware

4 Human Interfaces

5 Settings

6 Actual Values

7 Commands and

8 Security

9 Theory of Operation

10 Application of

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